Insufficient intake of minerals into the body of young animals leads to the fact that calves have a lag in growth and development, which aff ects the overall health and further productivity. The study of the feasibility of using premixes with improved formulations in feeding replacement young cattle is relevant. The purpose of the research was to study the increase in the efficiency of rearing replacement heifers, their achievement of earlier economic and physiological maturity due to the use of premix Megamix Noris and Megamix Vitula Opti in the rations of calves. The scientific and economic experiment was carried out under the conditions of OOO “EkoNivaAgro” in the Bobrovsky area in the Voronezh region. Comprehensive studies have been carried out to study the effectiveness of the use of the studied premixes, developed according to improved recipes, in the rations of replacement heifers. It has been experimentally proved that the use of premixes Megamix Noris (up to 6 months of age) and Megamix Vitula Opti (from 6 to 12 months of age) it contributed to an increase in the live weight of replacement heifers for the period of the experiment by 7,74 %, the increase in average daily gains by 8,63 %. An analysis of the economic eff ectiveness of rearing replacement heifers showed that the additional profit from the sale of young animals in live weight amounted to 38,7 thousand rubles. When calculating the level of economic eff ectiveness of milk production, it was revealed that the studied premixes as part of the rations for replacement heifers contributed to obtaining additional profit from the fi rst-calf heifer in the amount of 2,288,29 rubles, which led to the increase in the level of profitability by 3,08 abs.%.
The purpose of the work was to increase the meat productivity of sheep when introducing granulated mineral complexes produced by the Azot Branch of URALCHEM JSC into their ration. A scientific and economic experiment was carried out on the herd of sheep of Volgograd meat and wool breed. Four groups of young rams with 10 heads in each were formed. The experiment was carrier out for 4 months – from 4 to 8 months of animal age. The animals of the control group were housed on a general farm ration. Their analogues from the experimental groups were fed a mineral compensating additive instead of the mineral part of the ration: the 1st experimental group recipe No. 1, the 2nd experimental group recipe No. 2 and the 3rd experimental group recipe No. 3. It was revealed during the physiological experiment that the organism of animals from the experimental groups compare with the control group absorbed nitrogen obtained with compound feed somewhat better. The highest nitrogen utilization rate was found in sheep that consumed the mineral granulated balancing additive made according to recipe No. 1. It was found that the sheep of the experimental groups, whose rations included the mineral granulated balancing additive had a higher growth rate. The best results were obtained when using the mineral complex made according to recipe No. 1. The profi t from the sale of mutton produced during the experimental period in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd experimental groups exceeded that in the control group by 224,9; 114,5 and 73,8 rubles. The level of profi tability of meat production in the experimental groups was higher than that of the herdmates of the control group by 11,21, 6,41 and 4,10 abs.%, respectively. Thus, in order to increase the meat productivity of young rams we recommend using a diet using mineral granulated complexes. We consider the most optimal complex made according to recipe No. 1.
The purpose of the research was to study the feasibility of using different balancing feed additives in the rations of young ruminants and cattle. In order to achieve this purpose, two scientific and farm experiments were conducted on the development and use of balancing additives in the rations of young ruminants and cattle. The first experiment was carried out in the Volgograd region on the herd of sheep of Volgograd breed in the IE FARM Kushkalova A. B., the second was carried out in in the Voronezh region on heifers of Holstein breed on the basis of the Korshevo livestock complex OOO EkoNivaAgro. In the first experiment the sheep of the control group were fed a general economic ration, the animals of the 1st experimental group were input with a mineral balancing feed additive instead of the mineral part of the ration recipe No. 1, the 2nd experimental group with the recipe No. 2 and the 3rd experimental group with the recipe No. 3. In the second experiment heifers from the 14th day of life received premix P-62–1 as part of the compound feed, the young cattle of the experimental group as part of the starter feed were replaced with premix P-62-1 with MegamixNoris. After 6 months, the animals of the control group received premix P-63-1 as part of the ration, and the heifers of experimental group received premix MegamixVitulaOpti. The inclusion of the mineral complex in the ration of sheep of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd experimental groups contributed to an increase in the digestibility coefficients. Thus, the digestibility of dry matter was higher than that of analogues from the control by 1,03; 0,59 and 0,21 abs.%, organic matter by 1,95; 1,80 and 1,59 abs.%, crude protein by 1,15; 0,97 and 0,84 abs.%, crude fiber by 1,09; 0,62 and 0,23 abs.%. The nitrogen digestibility in them was higher from the taken by 1,12, 0,79 and 0,63 abs.% and from the digested by 1,18, 0,73 and 0,61 abs.%. The young sheep of the experimental groups significantly exceeded the analogues from the control in live weight at the age of 8 months by 1,82–6,93 %. The input of the tested premixes into the ration of heifers allowed to increase the digestibility of dry matter by 1,29 abs.%, organic matter by 2,26 abs.%, crude protein by 2,54 abs.%, crude fat by 4,18 abs.%, crude fiber by 3,15 abs.%, nitrogen-free extractive substances by 4,16 abs.%. Nitrogen assimilation from the intake increased by 2,18 abs.%. At the same time, the live weight of heifers was increased by 10,37 % compared to analogues from the control group.
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