Abstract. Bukit Merah Reservoir (BMR) is the oldest reservoir in Malaysia constructed to supply irrigation water to the Kerian Irrigation Scheme. Depletion of storage capacity due to sedimentation process is the most concerning issue of the reservoir recently. Sediment analysis is also very important when monitoring the substances that appear in the reservoir water. Environmental toxins, like heavy metals and hydrophobic organic components, as well as nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are readily bond to the particulate matter. Factors in the reservoir that affect the particulate matter will aid the distribution of contaminants in the sediments. The contaminants in the sediments could have higher concentrations compared to those found in the overlying water. This means that the sediment plays an important role in the cycling of nutrients and distribution of contaminants in the ecosystem. The objectives of this research are to determine the relationship of nutrient and heavy metal content for sediment and overlying water. Nutrient profile information is provided from sediment sample analysis. Based on the data from the horizontal distribution of surface sediment phosphorus in BMR, it was apparent that the highest concentration occurred in the reservoir inlet from Sungai Kurau catchment area. Phosphorus and nitrogen in BMR have a similar trend of decreasing concentration from upstream to downstream. The phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations of surface sediment were in fact significantly correlated with phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations of surface water because of the high value of determination of correlation (R 2 ). As a conclusion, the deposition of sediments was found to bring along external nutrients. Variability of phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations in the sediment directly affects the quality of water which is very important for irrigation and domestic uses.
Sembrong reservoir is a flood-control reservoir which is managed by Syarikat Air Johor since 1984. The reservoir provides clean water supply to 240,000 consumers in the district of Kluang and some parts of Batu Pahat. Reservoir storage is often affected by sedimentation due to soil erosion in the catchment area. As the sediments accumulate, the reservoir gradually loses its ability to store water for the purposes for which it was built. This research is initiated to characterize the sediment which could be used as control in future research in the treatment of contaminated sediment. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of sediment at Sembrong Reservoir. In this experiment, sediment sampling was done using gravity corer at 6 different points throughout the reservoir. In addition, the physical properties of sediment is investigated by conducted experiments include scanning electron microscope (SEM) and particle size distribution The analysis of sediment distribution was done using GRADISTAT. Results obtained from the analysis shows that the particle in Sembrong reservoir were classified as very coarse sand and sandy gravel.
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