620.193 Stress corrosion cracking in a pipe material presents a most critical hazard to natural gas trunk lines. The paper addresses the causes (mechanism) of crack formation and growth. Understanding of these issues will enable a proper implementation of methods for early identification, diagnostic, and prediction of this type of failure. A most comprehensive explanation of a joint influence of internal and external factors on the corrosion cracking can be provided by means of the probabilistic local electrochemical corrosion theory. It is based on the probabilistic nature of initiation of a local corrosion damage. A probabilistic approach is used to develop a concept of stress corrosion cracking. The factors responsible for the formation of local damage nuclei have been determined. The pipe manufacturing operations are shown to have a certain effect on the pipeline susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking. Modeling has been performed for the corrosion processes that may occur in a gas trunk line section subjected to a stress corrosion cracking hazard.Nowadays, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in a pipe material is a most critical hazard to natural gas trunk lines [1]. This type of corrosion damage was first revealed in a trans-Canadian gas trunk line in 1965, then in Central Asian gas pipelines in the 1970s, and in the northern Russian regions in the 1990s. Recently there have been three SCC accidents on the Urengoy-Pomary-Uzhgorod trunk line in Cherkassy region (Ukraine). This gas pipeline was constructed in 1982 using 1420-mm-diameter pipes of X-70 grade. The accidents happened on the line sections close (at about 5 km) to the neighbor compressor stations (CS), were accompanied by an explosion and gas inflammation. The resulting craters were up to 50 m long, 30 m wide, and 10 m deep, with a thermal emission zone up to 750 m in radius, and fragments flying as far as 500 m.A crucial prerequisite for minimizing the SCC hazard is to know the causes (mechanism) of crack initiation and growth [1-6]. Understanding these issues will enable a proper implementation of the methods for identification, diagnostic, and prediction of this type of failure at early stages.Stress corrosion cracking is a specific type of corrosion cracking which is initiated and propagates on the outer surface of a coated and cathodically protected pipes due to the combined action of a tensile stress and a corrosive environment. A most comprehensive explanation of a joint influence of internal and external factors on the corrosion cracking is provided by the probabilistic local electrochemical corrosion theory. It is based on the probabilistic nature of initiation of local corrosion damages.We will use the probabilistic approach to develop the SCC concept. In this case, the initiation of local corrosion damages is assumed to be stochastic. A review of available SCC data for pipelines enables us to identify the external and internal factors responsible for the SCC initiation: 456 0039-2316/09/4105-0456
Розроблена система корозійного моніторингу трубопроводів (СКМТ), призначена для визначення місць пошкодження захисного покриття, вимірювання потенціалів (корозійних, поляризаційних, захисних, поперечного поздовжнього градієнті в) трубопроводу, корозійної активності ґрунту (швидкості корозії металу трубопроводу на різних рівнях його залягання) і швидкості залишкової корозії металу трубопроводу в дефектах захисного покриття. СКМТ застосовується при технічній експлуатації діючих трубопроводів і будівництві нових трубопроводів. К л ю ч о в і с л о в а: магістральний трубопровід, потенціал, швидкість корозії.
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