The article presents a one-stage method for the synthesis of mixed diesters based on propylene glycol, synthetic petroleum- and aliphatic fatty acids (C6-C8) using a ZnO catalyst under optimal conditions - temperature -110-120°C, amount of catalyst - 1.3% wt. (by acid), molar ratio of components - acid:alcohol - 2:1.3. The properties of the synthesized mixed diesters were studied and their parameters were determined by analytical and spectral methods. In order to determine the plasticizing properties of the mixed diesters, compositions were prepared under laboratory conditions with the addition 100 m.p. of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for 30-70 m.p. of synthesized diesters and compared them with an industrial plasticizer - dioctyl phthalate. Also, these diesters have been studied as antioxidants that improve the thermal-oxidative stability of diesel fuel. An analysis of the research results shows that the synthesized mixed diesters can be proposed as effective plasticizers for PVC and new antioxidants for diesel fuels.
Keywords: propylene glycol, synthetic petroleum acids, mixed diesters, diesel fuel, antioxidant, polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer
Amidoamines have been synthesized based on the mixture of synthetic petroleum and oxy acids (SPA + OSPA) and polyethylene polyamine (PEPA). Physical and chemical indices of amidoamines have been identified. Complexes have been prepared from the amidoamine and HCl (Example 1), H 3 PO 4 (Example 2), HNO 3 (Example 3) in ratio 1:1. The kinetic effect of steel corrosion in 1% NaCl solution saturated with CO 2 has been studied in ACM Gill AC potentiometer, at 50°C. Investigation was conducted at 25 and 50 ppm of each complex. It was found that, in Example 1 at 25 ppm after 20 hours of research the protection effect was 97.5%, at 50 ppm-97.3%. In Example 2 at 25 and 50 ppm corrosion protection were 92% and 90.4% after 20 hours of research. In Example 3 at 25 and 50 ppm after 20 hours of research protective effects were 97.5 and 97.3%. It was determined that, amidoamine derivatives obtained from SPA + OSPA and PEPA, at 25 ppm was the best result-98.3%. By Calculated Gibbs free energy and the image of the surface of used electrode it has been proved that, a complex in different concentrates easily was exposed to chemisorption on metal surface. Therefore protective film formed on the surface was stable.
The paper is dedicated to the synthesis of mixed diester of dietylene glycol with high yield based on the natural petroleum and pentanoic acids using ZnO catalyst aiming the increase of plasticizer and antioxidant sorts. To define the optimum conditions for obtaining mixed diester with high yield, the reactions in the presence of ZnO catalyst of various quality have been carried out in the certain ratio components included in the reaction and temperature intervals. The optimum conditions, i.e. catalyst amount in 1.5 % mass regarding to the acid, molar ratio of the components alcohol: acid - 1.5:2, the temperature 130–140 oC in the highest yield of 92 % have been selected. The physical-chemical indexes of synthesized ester have been specified and material balance of obtainment process showed. For the improvement of thermal-oxidizing steadiness of diesel fuels, diester of diethylene glycol was tested and justified that by adding 0.004 % mass of mixed diester into the diesel fuel, thermal-oxidizing steadiness significantly increases.
The paper deals with the results of research into phenol cycloalkenylation with 3vinylcyclohexene in the presence of modified zeolite-containing catalyst Zeokar-2M on the laboratory batch unit and aminomethylation of the obtained p-(cyclohexene-3-yl-ethyl) phenol with formaldehyde and aniline. The temperature effects, reaction time, molar ratio of phenol to vinylcyclohexene (VCH) and amount of the catalyst on the yield and selectivity of phenol cycloalkenylation with VCH were studied to define optimal conditions that ensure the maximum yield of the target product. The obtained products were tested as antioxidants for diesel fuel and showed satisfactory results, which indicates the effectiveness of their use.
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