Self-esteem is an indicator of a person's subjective quality of life due to its close relationship to a person's behavioural competence, positive self-experience, and sense of self-actualization. The present study aimed to investigate the basis of self-esteem in people with cardiac diseases, according to gender, after their cardiac surgery. The findings showed that there were prominent gender differences in the subjects' self-esteem. Women (aged<60) showed statistically significant higher ratings in the importance of 11 life events importance and the satisfaction of three life events than men. The study also found cultural uniqueness: Hong Kong Chinese (both men and women) with cardiac diseases generally indicated that social (interpersonal) self-concept dimensions were more important than achievement (personal) self-concept dimensions in their life perception. These findings are noteworthy for setting optimum goals of rehabilitation apart from return to work.
T he aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of worry to the prediction of the components of working memory in a non-clinical sample. Sixty-one healthy adults (31 men and 30 women) ranging in age from 18 to 63 years were administered three questionnaires and six working memory tasks. The questionnaires were the Worry Domains Questionnaire, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the White Bear Suppression Inventory. The working memory tasks were the Digit Span task (forward and reversed), the Spatial Span task (forward and reversed), the Visual Patterns Test, and a dual performance task (digit recall plus visual tracking). Separate hierarchical regression analyses were conducted on each of the dependent measures to examine the contribution of the independent variables to the various aspects of working memory. The results indicated that worry was a significant contributor to the prediction of working memory performance. However, contrary to our hypothesis, worry did not contribute to verbal working memory or to the central executive tasks. Worry did make a significant contribution to the performance of spatial span backwards and to the dual task. Further analysis indicated that worry was negatively associated with working memory performance. Thought suppression was significantly and positively correlated with anxiety and with worry, and was also positively associated with working memory performance on the verbal, spatial, and central executive tasks. In addition, thought suppression was found to be a significant predictor of central executive performance. These issues were discussed in terms of contemporary models of anxiety and working memory functioning. P revious research involving patients with frontal lobe lesions or schizophrenia has indicated a possible relationship between impaired spatial working memory and poor performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), although findings have been inconsistent. The present study investigated the role of auditory, visual, and spatial working memory in card-sorting test performance. Forty-seven university students were administered computerised versions of WCST and Madrid Card Sorting Test (MCST), and four working memory tasks: Digit Span Backwards, Letter-Number Sequencing, Visual Patterns Test, and Spatial Span Backwards. Results revealed a significantly higher percentage of total errors were made on MCST than on the WCST. As there are major differences T he function of primate rhinal cortex, comprising the entorhinal (ErC) and perirhinal (PrC) cortices, has been extensively studied. Translating Background:The concept of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) has been widely used in defining the stage between normal ageing and dementia that is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. Although memory impairment with preserved functional abilities has been the main classification criteria, recent research has explored the heterogeneity of this concept and examined the role of non-memory cognitive impairment. Studies that subclassify MCI pati...
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