Vegetables can be vehicles for transmission of E. coli O157:H7 to humans, therefore, this study carried out in order to investigate the presence of Enterohemorrhagic E. coli in ten different types of leafy green vegetables, determined their susceptibility to thirteen antibiotics and detected the presence of some virulence genes. Method: Five-hundred samples of green leafy vegetables namely (Lettuce, Spanish, Rocket, Parsley, Mallow, Coriander, Portulaca, Lettuce, Dill, Basil and Chard) were examined for presence of E. coli O157:H7, by using standard microbiological tests (CHROMagarTM O157:H7), further detection of E. coli O157:H7 was done by Multiplex PCR (mPCR) for the detection of virulence genes (stx1, stx2, intmin and hlyA) These genes are causative factors of settlement, adhesion, and attack of STEC bacteria to gastrointestinal mucosa. Results: E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from eight (80%) out of ten types of green leafy vegetable as 12 (2.40%) in which the highest percentage of isolation was shown in Dill and Chards samples as (4.2%), Coriander and Mallow showed percentage of isolation as (3.33% and 3.03%) respectively, Parsley, Portulaca and Lettuce showed percentages of isolation as 2.43%, 1.92%, respectively, the least percentage of isolation was shown in Rocket (1.7%), No E. coli O157:H7, was detected in Spinach and Basil. Makkah collected samples showed isolation of 7 isolates out of 12 (58.33%). All isolates were resistant to Methicillin (5µg), Metronidazole (5 µg) and Ampicillin (10 µg). Stx2 (110 bp), Stx1 (349 bp), hly A (165 bp) genes were detected. All isolates showed negative results for presence of intimin gene (890 bp). This study concluded that there is a high risk for occurrence of E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks due to consumption of the green leafy vegetables sold in Jeddah Central Market.
Background: Microbial contamination continues to be one of the leading risks to food safety. Contaminated leafy green vegetables are the primary cause of infection among children, elderly, and immunocompromised people. The purposes of this work were to isolate and identify of Salmonella spp. in fresh leafy vegetables collected from Jeddah Central Market, Jeddah district, western area, kingdom of Saudi Arabia, estimated of the number and percentage of isolated Salmonella spp and determined the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated Salmonella spp. Methods: Five-hundred samples were examined for the presence of Salmonella spp, by using standard microbiological and biochemical tests. Further, detection of Salmonella spp. was done by PCR with the primers targeting invA gene, a key factor for entry of Salmonella into epithelial cells. Susceptibility of the isolated Salmonella spp was done toward thirteen different antibiotics. Results: The percentage of isolation of Salmonella spp was 1.2 % (06/500). It was isolated as (0.40%, 02/500) from Basil, (0.20%, 01/500) from Spinach, Rocket, Parsley and Chards. Two isolates (2/6, 33.3%) showed positive Salmonella invA gene (244 bp). All isolated Salmonella showed resistance to Cephalexin (30 µg/disc), Metronidazole (5 µg/disc) and Methicillin (5 µg/disc).
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