Multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) technique is one of the strong candidates for next generation wireless mobile communication systems. Multi-carrier systems are very much sensitive to carrier frequency offset (CFO) results in intercarrier interference (ICI). To mitigate ICI without any spectral loss, a second order duobinary coded phase rotated conjugate cancellation algorithm is proposed in this paper. In the conventional phase rotated conjugate cancellation (PRCC) technique, one path carries the MC-CDMA signal with a phase spin of ϕ and the other path carries the conjugate of the first path signal with -ϕ phase spin. This artificial phase rotation allows the transmitter to tune the transmitted signals so that the ICI effects could be mutually cancelled at the receiver. Although the PRCC technique reduces the spectral efficiency, the limitation can be overcome by the joint second order duobinary coding scheme with PRCC technique. In the proposed method, the correlative coding between the binary symbols modulated on adjacent subcarriers is used to reduce the ICI without any spectral loss. Simulation results show that the proposed PRCC method provides better carrier to interference ratio (CIR) and bit error rate (BER) performances compared to the conventional conjugate cancellation (CC) technique.
Wireless technology plays a vital role in the Electronic health (e‐health) applications such as telemedicine and remote patient monitoring. One of the major challenges of telemedicine applications is ensuring adequate quality of service and realizing precise diagnosis. Telemedicine employs image fusion to enhance the quality of medical image for better diagnosis. However, the transmission of medical image needs high data rate and bandwidth. Due to the robustness to multipath fading, high data rate transmission capability, high flexibility, high bandwidth efficiency, and easy implementation using fast Fourier transform, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is the suitable technique for medical image transmission in telemedicine applications This paper is focused on improving the quality of the fused brain image transmission over OFDM based telemedicine service using comb type pilot based carrier frequency offset compensation. The simulation results show that the proposed method offers better performance in terms of mean squared error, Euclidean distance, peak signal to noise ratio, bit error rate, carrier to interference ratio, and computational complexity.
Background: The common carotid arteries provide the major source of blood to the head and neck region. In the present study, we studied about the variation in the origin of lingual and facial artery and specifically, the linguofacial trunk. The knowledge of this anatomical variation is important in the surgeries of head, neck and face and also for the radiologists to understand and interpret carotid system imaging when undertaking cerebral angiography.
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