Key Points
CH4 ebullition rates decreased by 98% and CH4 diffusion decreased by 32% on a longitudinal gradient from reservoir inflow to dam
Ebullition was driven by physical variables upstream and phytoplankton downstream; diffusion was most related to phytoplankton
Despite large variation in CH4 emissions longitudinally, time series models well captured the dynamics of emissions from a small reservoir
Conducting polymers (CPs) have the potential to provide superior neural interfaces to conventional metal electrodes by introducing more efficient charge transfer across the same geometric area. In this study the conducting polymer poly(ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was coated on platinum (Pt) microelectrode arrays. The in vitro electrical characteristics were assessed during biphasic stimulation regimes applied between electrode pairs. It was demonstrated that PEDOT could reduce the potential excursion at a Pt electrode interface by an order of magnitude. The charge injection limit of PEDOT was found to be 15 x larger than Pt. Additionally, PEDOT coated electrodes were acutely implanted in the suprachoroidal space of a cat retina. It was demonstrated that PEDOT coated electrodes also had lower potential excursions in vivo and electrically evoked potentials (EEPs) could be detected within the vision cortex.
We present an epiretinal neuroprosthesis design based on a hexagonally-latticed 98 electrode array and the capacity to multiplex up to 14 simultaneous current sources. The digital and analogue electronics required to perform this function and how this would be incorporated into an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) are described. Simulation data and data from saline bath testing of a platinum/silicone electrode array (and associated driving electronics) are presented. Simulations were performed using a 2D computational model solved using a custom collocation method. The guarding affect of the hexagonal array is investigated and shown in simple simulations to be an approach worthy of further investigation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.