Sialolithiasis is considered as one of the most common disorders of the salivary glands. A history of pain or/and swelling in the salivary glands, especially during meal, suggests this diagnosis. For small and accessible stones, conservative therapies like milking of ducts with palliative therapy can produce satisfactory results. Surgical management should be considered when the stone/stones are inaccessible or large in size, as conservative therapies turned out to be unsatisfactory. The aim of this paper is to describe one more case to the literature and review the theories of etiology, clinical features, available diagnostic, and treatment procedures.
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disorder.OLP is classified as reticular, papular, plaque-like, atrophic, erosive, bullous, and erythematous types. The atrophic, erosive, and bullous forms are generally associated with symptoms ranging from a mild burning sensation to severe pain. Its prevalence has been reported between 1% and 18.2%. Malignant transformation seems to be more likely in erosive lesions, possibly due to the exposure of the deeper epithelial layers to oral environmental carcinogens. Oral lesions of OLP are difficult to control and are often refractory to conventional therapies such as topical corticosteroids. The latter is widely accepted as the primary treatment of choice. The greatest disadvantage of topical therapy of OLP lesions is the lack of sufficient mucosal adherence. In addition, one-third of erythematous OLP patients treated with topical corticosteroids develop secondary candidiasis, which mandates to be treated. Another disadvantage of prolonged use of these drugs is tachyphylaxis, a decrease in their biological effectiveness. Considering the resistance to topical treatments in some patients affected with erythematous OLP and other disadvantages, several studies have found an alternative effective treatment of erythematous oral lichen planus, which is low-level laser therapy (LLLT). The LLLT (LLLT 630-nm diode laser) has proven minimal side effects such as rapid hemostasis, immediate relief, and healing process acceleration. Studies have revealed that the association of local application of steroids and LLLT give a better efficient outcome. The aim of our paper is to demonstrate, through a clinical case report, the effectiveness of the combination of local corticosteroids and LLLT in treating erythematous OLP.
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