A study was conducted to work out the effects of leguminous crops with Mulberry in Doon valley under irrigated conditions. The work was conducted for three consecutive years (2001-2003) in S-146 variety of Mulberry plantation. The leguminous crops (Moong and Lentil) were sown in the space available in between the Mulberry rows. The data on returns from intercrops and silk worm rearing on the leaves were collected and compiled. It revealed that from one hectare Mulberry plantation with intercropping Rs. 77251.34 can be earned. However, the total returns from one hectare plantation without intercropping and from sole intercropping were recorded as Rs. 48933.00 and Rs. 49533.00 respectively. The varieties of Moong and Lentil sown were Pant. Moong-2 and D.P.L. -62 respectively. By this study it can be concluded that it is profitable to grow short duration leguminous crops in the space available in between the rows of Mulberry fetching thereby an additional income. The experimental plot was having slightly acidic soil (pH 6.8). The available N, P, K in upper layers were recorded as 440 kg, 38 kg, and 448 kg/ha respectively.
Mulberry is the sole food plant of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.). The success of Silkworm depends on the Mulberry leaf quality and climate. Damp and humid condition of the Doon valley promotes the development of pathogenic fungi. A survey on the incidence and severity of foliar fungal diseases of Mulberry during autumn period was conducted in the Doon valley at RSRS, Sahaspur, Dehra Dun. Incidences of major diseases viz., powdery mildew (Phyllactinia corylea), leaf spot (Cercospora moricola), leaf rust (Cerotelium fici), and leaf blight (Fusarium solani) were recorded during autumn season (September to November). Leaf spot disease was found mainly (PDI, 8.7 and DI%, 32.0%) in October, 2003 during autumn season at RSRS, Sahaspur, Dehra Dun and followed by September (PDI, 7.5 and DI%, 19.7%). Leaf rust was also observed during September as minor disease (PDI, 1.6 and DI%, 5.3%), whereas the same disease was found as major disease in other traditional areas like Karnataka and West Bengal. The severity of powdery mildew disease was observed in the month of November (PDI, 34.9 and DI%, 79.9%). Disease severity and weather parameters have also been discussed.
Eight commonly available weeds in Mulberry gardens of Doon Valley were studied to assess the VAM status. Root infection percentage and spore numbers were worked out. Cyperus rotundus showed highest (45.8%) root infection. Lowest root infection (24.0 %) was found in case of Digitaria sp. On the other hand Digitaria sp. harboured the highest number of spores in its rhizosphere (247 per 50 g of soil) and Alysicarpus vaginalis lowest spores (40 per 50 g of soil). Glomus was the fungus associated with all the plants studied. The mycelia of fungus were seen in all the weeds and vesicles were available in Ageratum conyzoides, Commelina paludosa, Bauhinia retusa, Euphorbia hirta, and Alysicarpus vaginalis. The arbuscles however were found in Ageratum conyzoides, Cyperus rotundus, and Euphorbia hirta only. The species harbouring VAM spores in their rhizosphere in descending order were as Digitaria sp. > Euphorbia hirta >Cyperus rotundus > Bauhinia retusa. These four species can be used as trap plants for multiplication and maintenance of VAM for experimental purposes and multiplication of VAM spores. These plants can easily be propagated as they are found abundantly in this area.
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