This process of industrial zones site selection requires to fulfill requirements and standards, simultaneously reducing environmental and public health costs and maximizing technical and economic benefits. A geographic information system was used in this study to evaluate land suitability to propose suitable sites for industrial zones in Duhok district, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The defined parameters were classified into two groups, specifically, environmental and socioeconomic criteria. The information layers were prepared and were standardized into Boolean logic. The parameters maps were combined using the Boolean logic technique, and the suitability map was achieved on two classes including unsuitable and suitable. The results showed that only about 10% (104 Km2) of the study area was evaluated as suitable areas for industrial zones, which are mainly found in the north, northwest, and central parts of the study area. The results also illustrated that most of the industries within the study area have been located in inappropriate sites which have had a severe impact on the air quality of Duhok city. This paper would present a solution for industrial site selection in Duhok and it is helpful for regional planning of the country.
High rates of population growth of Al-Jihad neighborhood in Baghdad-Iraq, and the urban expansion accompanying this increase, as well as internal migration due to the recent circumstances in Iraq led to a great pressure on educational services and their ability to meet the needs of the growing population, all that led to the establishment of private schools and as a result, the number of private schools has increased significantly in the past years, The selection of the locations of these private schools was random and with no consideration of planning criteria. This paper examines the issue of selecting the sites of private schools without relying on the special planning criteria and determinants. The research methodology is based on the analysis of spatial sites of private secondary schools in Al Jihad neighborhood in Baghdad-Iraq to determine spatial distribution patterns of private secondary schools in the study area as well as the distance between secondary school sites in neighborhoods. Evaluate the application of planning and design standards to locate school sites. Clarify the adequacy of the location of private secondary schools with the population’s needs for educational services, analyze spatial distribution of schools and finally identify appropriate locations for these schools. by use of geographic information systems (GIS) in analyzing spatial distribution of the schools and determining the suitable locations for these schools, the research found that the private secondary schools within the study area are distributed randomly and are not subject to any planning criteria in their spatial signature. The research suggest a number of proposals and planning solutions to solve the problem of not appropriate spatial signature of private secondary schools in Al-Jihad neighborhood.
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