Effects of peening on magneticflux density in a metallic glassThe propagation of magnetic flux pulses along the insulating barrier of a long Josephson junction is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The theoretical study includes applications of both (i) the recently developed "inverse-scattering-transform method" (ISTM) to the corresponding sine-Gordon equation in characteristic (light cone) coordinates and (ii) Whitham's method (WM) of averaged Lagrangian analysis to the sine-Gordon equation in laboratory coordinates. As the number of solitons (flux quanta) in the pulse becomes large, the ISTM becomes numerically unwieldy while WM becomes more accurate; thus these two analytical tools are complementary. WM has the advantage of being readily modified to account for small dissipative effects. Our experimental observations of magnetic-flux propagation were entirely restricted to the "large-amplitude limit" in which the average of the ac Josephson current is effectively zero. In this limit, WM indicates pulse propagation with linear dissipation. This result has been confirmed on a Josephson transmission line for which it was possible to predict pulse propagation from parameters which were measured independently on small crossed strip junctions. PACS numbers: 74.35.+x, 84.20.Pc, 85.4D.Ek the terms a¢t and {3¢ut; and in the limit a = 0 and {3= 0, Eq. (1.1) reduces to the sine-Gordon equation ¢xx -¢tt =sin¢.
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