-Callisthene fasciculata Mart. is a tree belonging to the Vochysiaceae family. Its wood is moderately heavy and resistant and used to make poles, beams, and other structures. The aim of this work was to evaluate seed germination and the initial growth of seedlings of C. fasciculata at different temperatures and in different substrates. Seeds were collected from fruits in the Pantanal de Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. In one experiment, the seeds were subjected to constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C and to alternating temperatures of 20-30 and 25-35 °C (on paper substrate). In another experiment, the seeds were subjected to temperatures of 20 and 25 °C on three substrates (sand, vermiculite and between paper) in a germinator. The experiment had a randomized design, with four replicates of 25 seeds per treatment. The F-values obtained for germination indicated no significant effect of substrate or temperature on the final germination percentage. The analyses revealed no effect of a treatment interaction (temperature x substrate) on either germination or average germination time; however, a treatment interaction effect was observed on the germination speed index. The treatment combinations yielding the best performance were between paper substrate at 20 °C and sand substrate at 25 °C. There was a significant effect of the interaction between temperature and substrate on seedling growth, with increased root growth observed in the between paper substrate at 25 °C and increased aerial component growth in both sand at 20 °C and vermiculite at 25 °C. The between paper treatment at 25 °C yielded the greatest final seedling size. Between paper is the most recommended substrate for the production of seedlings due to its ease of handling and lower probability of contamination.
RESUMO:Aspidosperma subincanum é uma espécie arbórea utilizada em projetos de recuperação de áreas degradadas e como planta medicinal. Levando-se em consideração a importância da espécie, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo definir a temperatura ideal para a germinação de suas sementes. O material vegetal foi coletado na região do Pantanal de Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul. As sementes foram colocadas em caixas plásticas transparentes em câmara de germinação e submetidas às temperaturas constantes de 20, 25, 30 e 35°C e alternadas de 20-30 e 25-35°C. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições por tratamento, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. A temperatura ideal para a germinação de Aspidosperma subincanum foi a 25°C, com o maior índice de velocidade de germinação, 18,8. Temperaturas mais elevadas (30 e 35°C) causaram a morte dos embriões. Palavras-chave: Pantanal, crescimento de plântulas, guatambuABSTRACT: Germination of Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. ex A. DC seeds at different temperatures. The Aspidosperma subincanumem is a tree species used in the recovery of degraded areas projects and as a medicinal plant. Taking into account the importance of the species, the current study aimed to determine which would be the ideal temperature for the germination of their seeds. The plant material was collected in the Pantanal of Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul. The seeds were placed in transparent boxes in germination chambers and submitted to constant temperatures of, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C and alternated at 20-30 and 25-35°C, with four replicates per treatment. The statistical design was a completely randomized one. The averages were compared by Tukey test at 5%. The ideal temperature for germination of Aspidosperma subincanum was 25°C. The high temperatures (30 and 35°C) have caused the death of embryos.
-Olho-de-cabra species belonging to the Fabaceae family, distributed through of Atlantic rain forest and semideciduous stationary forest. Its wood is suitable for manufacture of furniture and tree recommended for urban forestry and also considered medicinal. Taking into account their potential use this work was developed with the objective of evaluates the effect of different temperatures and substrates on the germination rate and initial root growth. The seeds used in this experiment were collected in the Savannah areas, Mato Grosso do Sul state and submitted to constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30, 35 °C and alternating, 20-30 and 25-35 °C, in three substrates, sand, vermiculite and paper roll, in germination cameras. The statistical design was a completely randomized design and means were compared by Tukey test at 5%. The data indicated that the species need a period of time longer than 15 days for the formation of aerial part and that the development of its root system is faster. The obtained results show that the best temperatures to the seeds germination is 30 °C, sand, while the best seedling development was observed in the alternating temperature, 25-35 °C, also in sand, with its results statistically higher than other treatments. Key Words: Forest seeds, initial growth, Fabaceae, native species.Resumo -A espécie olho-de-cabra pertence à família Fabaceae, ocorrendo principalmente na Floresta Pluvial Atlântica e latifoliada semidecídua; sua madeira é indicada para construção de móveis e a árvore é recomendada para arborização urbana, além de ser considerada medicinal. Levando-se em consideração seu potencial de utilização, este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de verificar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas e substratos sobre as taxas de germinação e crescimento radicular inicial. As sementes utilizadas foram coletadas em áreas de Cerrado, Mato Grosso do Sul e submetidas a seis temperaturas, constantes de 20, 25, 30 e 35 °C e alternadas, 20-30 e 25-35 °C, em três tipos de substratos, areia, vermiculita e rolo de papel, em câmaras de germinação. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. Os dados obtidos indicaram que a espécie necessita de um período de tempo maior que 15 dias para a formação de sua parte aérea e que o desenvolvimento do seu sistema radicular é mais rápido, com maior percentagem de germinação e vigor de sementes na temperatura de 30 °C, substrato areia. O melhor desenvolvimento das plântulas foi observado na temperatura alternada de 25-35 °C, também no substrato areia, sendo seus resultados estatisticamente superiores aos demais tratamentos. palavras chave: crescimento inicial, espécies nativas, Fabaceae, sementes Florestais.Resumen -La especie "olho-de-cabra", perteneciente a la familia de las Fabáceas, es típica de las selvas pluviales atlánticas y los bosques estacionales semidecíduos. Su madera es apropiada para la construcción de muebles y el árbol es recomendado para forestaciones urbanas, t...
ResumoCasearia gossypiosperma Briq., uma espécie arbórea pertencente à família Salicaceae, é utilizada na construção civil, arborização e paisagismo. Em virtude de sua importância econômico-ecológica e da escassez de informações sobre seu processo germinativo, o presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de determinar as temperaturas mais adequadas para a germinação de sementes de pau-deespeto. As sementes utilizadas no experimento foram coletadas no Pantanal de Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Em seguida, elas foram submetidas a seis tratamentos, com temperaturas constantes de 20, 25, 30 e 35 °C e alternadas de 20-30 e 25-35 °C, em câmaras de germinação. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram maior porcentagem de germinação das sementes nas temperaturas de 25 e 30 °C, atingindo 83 e 84%, maior velocidade de germinação (10,0 em 25 °C e 10,7 em 30 °C) e comprimento de plântula (10,3 mm em 25 °C e 10,8 mm em 30 °C). Portanto, a faixa de temperatura ótima para a germinação de sementes de pau-de-espeto está entre 25 e 30 ºC. Palavras-chave: Pantanal; sementes florestais; formação de plântulas; Salicaceae. Abstract Germination of Casearia gossypiosperma seeds at different temperatures.The species Casearia gossypiosperma is a tree, Salicaceae family, and its wood is suitable for civil construction, afforest, and landscaping. Due to its economic potential, ecological importance, and lack of information on its germination process, the aim of this research was to evaluate seed germination at different temperatures. The seeds used were collected from Pantanal de Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul -Brazil and were submitted to six different temperatures, constant of 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C and alternating, 20-30 and 25-35 °C, in germination chambers. The results revealed that most seeds germinated at 25 and 30 °C, producing 83 and 84% of germination, higher germination speed (10,0 at 25 °C and 10.7 at 30 °C), and the greatest seedlings (10.3 mm at 25 °C and 10.8 mm at 30 °C). Therefore, the best temperatures to germination are between 25 and 30 °C.
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