Template-based electrochemical methods for the synthesis of nanostructures on the basis of new redox
polymers poly[M(Schiff)] (M = Ni, Pd; Schiff = tetradentate Schiff bases) with nanowire diameters in the
range of 20−200 nm were developed. Polymeric nanostructures were characterized by means of electron
microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and dc-conductometry. Elaboration of data from all techniques revealed
that nanostructures based on redox polymers have conductivities that are more than an order of magnitude
greater than those of bulk samples of the same polymers when these polymers function in the electrochemical
system (redox conductivity) and in the dry state (polaron conductivity).
Films of poly-N,N'-2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-diyl-bis(salicylideniminato)nickel are studied by cyclic voltammetry and faradaic impedance methods in acetonitrile solutions containing 0.1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate. The resistance to charge transfer and the double-layer capacitance, calculated from the semicircle in the high-frequency spectrum portion, are referred to the film/electrolyte interface. From the low-and mid-frequency impedance spectra portions, the low-frequency capacitance and the effective diffusion coefficient of charge carriers are determined. The assumption about a noticeable film porosity is shored up by direct scanning electron microscopy examination of film surfaces.
A procedure for electrochemical modification of carbon materials with high specific surface was developed. The materials were modified with polymeric nickel complexes with Schiff bases. The prototype of a hybrid double layer Faraday supercapacitor with a positive carbon electrode modified with a polymeric complex was studied. Modification of this type doubled the energy stored by the hybrid capacitor compared with the similar double layer capacitor.
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