Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) causes haemorrhagic disease in human beings with high mortality rate and it is typically asymptomatic in animals. Data for livestock exposure to CCHF and its risk in Mosul, Iraq are scarce. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the sero-prevalence of CCHF in sheep and goats and some risk factors for the disease. From April 2019 to October 2019, two hundred blood samples (from 120 sheep and 80 goats) were collected from privately-owned farms located in different parts of Mosul city. Specific IgG antibodies against CCHF virus were examined using indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit (I-ELISA). The results revealed an overall prevalence rate of 14%, 19.16% and 6.25% in sheep and goats respectively. Significantly (P≤0.05) higher prevalence was recorded in imported sheep (23.3%) compared with the local sheep breed (6.66%), as well significant (P≤0.05) variations of risk between tick-infested and tick-free animals. CCHF detected in sheep and goats constitutes a risk to public health in Mosul city, Iraq. More studies are recommended to further investigate the disease in other animal species.
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is worldwide disease affecting both domesticated and wild ruminants However, it has a significant economic impact on animal industry. Bovine herpes virus 1 (BoHV-1) can infect different organs of an animal. The current work aims to investigate the prevalence of BoHV-l in cattle of Mosul city, Iraq. In this study, 184 animals 6 months – 2 years old, were sampled between October 2020 and March 2022. Plasma and nasal swabs were tested using of Sandwich ELISA test for the detection of BoHV-l antigens. Results indicated that the infection rate of BoHV-l in cows was 12/184 (6.5%). Results show that, there was no significant difference indicated among prevalence of the diseases concerning BoHV-1 in the respiratory, ocular, and reproductive forms, the sample type, whether plasma and nasal swabs, between native and imported breed (P≤0.05). Furthermore, a significant difference in the prevalence of BoHV-1 was detected in males more than in females 12/144 (8.3%), (P≤0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of BoHV-1 10/100 (10%) at 6-8 months of age (P≤0.05).
The clinical singes of Infectious Bovine Rhinotrachitis (IBR) in cattle included rise in body temperature , keratoconjunctivitis, ulcerative lesions on muzzle and nasal septum , salivation , lacrimation , lesions at prepuse of male and pustule at the mucous membrane of valve and vagina in females. The seroprevalence of antibodies of Bovine Rhinotrachitis virus using indirect ELISA test in calves suffering from respiratory signs with genital lesion was 67.4 % , while 72.7 % in aborted cows and 62.5 % in cows suffering from keratoconjunctivitis . the mean of antibodies titer in calves appear respiratory singes with lesion at genitaria was 1.414 ± 0.15 in mild cases to 2.34± 0.055 in severe cases , while in aborted cows the mean titer of antibodies was 4.64 ±1.44 to 125.55 ± 8.68 in mild and severe cases respectively in cows affected with keratoconjectivitis the mean of titer in severe cases was 65.9 ±15.96 to 121.26 ±2.66 in mild and severe cases respectively.
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