NGF increased amplitudes and frequencies of MEPPs and induced synaptic excitation by increasing axonal growth and exocytosis. Lidocaine exposure during synapse reformation periods permanently suppressed NGF-induced excitation by suppressing axonal growth and exocytosis of presynaptic neurons in the identified reconstructed synapse of L. stagnalis.
Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG), a well-known ominous radiologic finding, is associated in some cases with a severe underlying abdominal disease requiring urgent surgical intervention. However, HPVG is not by itself a surgical indication and the treatment depends mainly on the underlying disease. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate risk factors for surgical intervention in patients with HPVG. We encountered 22 patients with HPVG in our hospital from Aug 1, 2003, to Dec 31, 2011. Based on the abdominal CT findings, 15 of 22 patients had pneumatosis intestinalis (PI), and they were divided into two subtypes: ischemic group (8 cases), necrotic group (5 cases) and 2 cases were uncategorizable. Blood analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. 7 of 8 revealed band like pneumatosis, and only 1 revealed bubble like pneumatosis in the ischemic group. Meanwhile, all patients in the necrotic group had band-like pneumatosis. There was no significant difference in the amount of HPVG. Additionally we evaluated the presence or absence of superior mesenteric venous gas (SMVG). All patients in the necrotic group and 3 of 8 in the ischemic group had SMVG. SMVG might be a risk factor for intestinal necrosis. In conclusion, our study suggests that band-like PI and the presence of SMVG can be important factors as surgical indications in HPVG.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.