Herein, an in situ high-temperature synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of gypsum is performed in the temperature range of 30-200 °C to investigate the continuous structural change from gypsum to soluble anhydrite through hemihydrate. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis curves reveal that dehydration occurs in two stages. The diffraction peaks of hemihydrate with the trigonal space group P3121 gradually become sharper above 90 °C, whereas those of gypsum become less intense and cannot be distinctly observed at 160 °C. The CaO8 dodecahedra and SO4 tetrahedra in gypsum expand negligibly with temperature. The site occupancy parameter of the water oxygen (Ow) atom in gypsum remains at approximately 1.0, within the experimental error. When water molecules are lost from gypsum, it immediately transforms into -hemihydrate, without maintaining its structure. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient of gypsum is 1.31 10 -4 K -1 . The site occupancy of Ow in -hemihydrate continuously decreases from 0.8 and reaches approximately 0.5 at temperatures of 130-140 °C, where soluble anhydrite with a hexagonal space group P6222 begins to form. Therefore, hemihydrate dehydration can be translated by the chemical formula CaSO4•xH2O (0.5 x
The purpose of this research is to grasp the screening items for private enterprises of profit facilities and their assignment rate as the actual situation of city park improvement project using Park-PFI. In addition, the characteristics of the morphological design of the profit facilities that were already developed were clarified. Based on these results, we clarified the screening trends and the effect on morphological design of the profit facilities. As a result, it was found that the most frequent screening viewpoint was "Reliability from the viewpoint of financial situation", and the most frequently used assignment rate was "Degree of contribution to government in financial aspect". It was clarified that setting a high assignment rate of "Design in harmony with the surrounding environment and landscape" as a screening viewpoint to guide the design of profit facilities suitable for the park location has a certain effect.
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