The possibility of photo-transmutation of long-lived nuclide Cs135 by ultrashort ultraintense laser was analytically evaluated. The yield of Cs135(γ,n) Cs134 was strongly dependent on the laser intensity at around 1020W∕cm2. If Cs135 were irradiated by such a laser with the intensity of 1021W∕cm2 and 10 Hz for 30 min, characteristic γ-ray counting rate was estimated to be 3 Bq.
We study the interaction between a private firm and a government when they time an investment decision while in a public–private partnership. We use a real options framework and consider the degree of sharing in the cost of the investment and the risk in the operation of the project. The degree of sharing influences the investment timing and the project value. When the guarantee of the government is large and/or the cost sharing rate for the private firm is low, then the private firm‐maximizing policy exercises the investment option earlier than the project value‐maximizing policy.
Activities were introduced in Kashiwa city in the Tokyo metropolitan area to correspond to the elevated environmental radiation level after the disaster of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. These were based on a strong cooperation between local governments and experts. Ambient dose rate and radioactivity of foodstuff produced inside of the city have been monitored. Representative ambient dose rates around living environments have almost already become their original levels of the pre-accident because of the decontamination activity, natural washout and effective half-lives of radioactivity. The internal annual dose due to radioactive cesium under the policy of 'Local Production for Local Consumption' is estimated as extremely low comparing the variation range due to natural radioactivity. Systematic survey around a retention basin has been started. All of these latest monitoring data would be one of the core information for the policy making as well as a cost-benefit discussion and risk communication.
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