Solubility of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in a lowdensity polyethylene (LDPE)/titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) composite was measured using a magnetic suspension balance (MSB) at a temperature from 423 to 473 K and pressures up to 15 MPa. The effect of the TiO 2 concentration on the solubility is investigated by varying TiO 2 content in the range of 0 -20 wt %. Extending the Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state and its mixing rule for binary mixture, a scheme of calculating CO 2 solubility in composite from MSB data is developed. The solubility of CO 2 in the composites increases in proportion to pressure and exponentially decreases with temperature. The apparent solubility, which is defined by the weight of dissolved CO 2 per unit weight of the composite, decreases as the TiO 2 content increases. However, the true solubility, which can be defined by the weight of dissolved CO 2 per unit weight of polymer, is constant, although the TiO 2 content is changed.
Three‐dimensional flow simulation of a film‐casting process was performed using a finite element method assuming an isothermal and steady Newtonian flow. The simulation was carried out under industrial operation conditions. The neck‐in and the edge bead phenomena could be simulated. The effects of draw ratio, air gap length, and die width on these phenomena are discussed. The neck‐in and the edge bead phenomena were affected by the draw ratio and air gap length and not by the die width. The neck‐in value, which was defined as the difference between the die width and film width at the chill roll, increased with the draw ratio and air gap length.
In the extrusion coating process, it has never been revealed how a polymer melt flows near the nipping region and how the cooling process occurs. We created a numerical simulation program for the polymer melt flow near the nipping region using the finite element method. Numerical results showed the effects of many individual factors (e.g. line speed, melt thickness, extrusion temperature, shear‐thinning property, etc.) on the cooling process and polymer melt flow near the nipping region. It was found that a polymer melt buildup that can be observed between two calender rolls in the sheet forming process also formed in the extrusion coating process, and that the amount of polymer melt buildup (bank) depended upon the coating condition. It was found that not only line speed and melt thickness contribute to the extrusion coating process significantly, but also the rheological property has an effect on the process.
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