Jiménez et al., 2019) and take place in the subventricular zone and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Neurogenesis in DG has been reported to be associated with the pattern separation, an ability to detect similar but different characteristics, in rodents (França et al., 2017; Leutgeb et al., 2007) and fMRI analyses on humans found that the blood oxygenation level-dependent effect (BOLD) in the hippocampal DG was correlated with the activity of Cornu ammonis (CA) 4, anterior mid-cingulate gyrus,
Background
Radiotherapy is an important treatment option for central nervous system malignancies. However, cranial radiation induces hippocampal dysfunction and white matter injury; this leads to cognitive dysfunction, and results in a reduced quality of life in patients. Excitatory glutamate signaling through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) plays a central role both in hippocampal neurogenesis and in the myelination of oligodendrocytes in the cerebrum.
Methods
We will provide the method for quantifying neurogenesis in human subjects in live brain during the cancer therapy. Neuroimaging using behavioral task we originally create, to examine human hippocampal memory pathway in patients with brain disorders.
Results
Treatment with memantine, a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist, reversed impairment in hippocampal pattern separation networks as detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Hyperbaric preconditioning of the patients just before radiotherapy with memantine most reversed white matter injury as detected by whole brain analysis with Tract-Based Spatial Statics. Neuromodulation combined with the administration of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and memantine during radiotherapy facilitated the restoration of hippocampal function and white matter integrity, and improved higher cognitive function in patients receiving cranial radiation.
Conclusions
The method for therapy and diagnosis of hippocampal function we developed can be applicable to the patients received cranial radiation to restore the cognitive decline. The monitoring can be followed during the therapy that production of new neurons by which ability of pattern separation is increased, then recovery of pattern completion, followed by new score elevation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.