In recent years, researchers have studied extensively about vehicle collision avoidance. The authors have developed Vehicular Collision Avoidance Support System (VCASS) based on Inter -Vehicle Communications (IVC) in order to prevent a vehicular collision beforehand. The system grasps the relative locations of vehicles by exchanging the GPS information in each vehicle. Then the system warns drivers if it detects a danger of collision. VCASS can drastically reduce the potential accidents of vehicular collisions. However, VCASS can not avoid collisions between vehicles and pedestrians, but avoid collisions just between vehicles. About 34% of fatal accidents by vehicles happen with pedestrians in Japan. So it is necessary to develop a new system for pedestrians.This paper deals with collision avoidance between pedestrians and vehicles. There are problems to develop such system. It is necessary to consider the mobility characteristics of pedestrians. In this paper, we propose a new collision judgment algorithm for Pedestrian-Vehicular Collision Avoidance Support System (P-VCASS) which extends VCASS. This algorithm considers the mobility of pedestrians. We show the validity of the proposed system by experiments using vehicles and pedestrian terminals.
The objective of this paper is to exchange the position information between pedestrians and their nearby vehicles effectively, in order to protect the pedestrians from serious traffic accidents. We deal with direct communications between pedestrians and vehicles. We call this kind of communications as VPEC (Vehicule-PEdestrian Communications). In this paper, we propose a Cooperative Reflect Transmission Scheme which is transmission control protocol using road infrastructure information. This scheme provides real-time communications between vehicles and pedestrian terminals, and enables to save both the transmission capacity and the power consumption of pedestrian terminals. We also show the validity of this scheme in VPEC by experiments with real vehicles.
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