In this paper, we synthesized a new type of poly(N-phenyl-2,7-carbazole)s with alkoxy groups or a diphenylamino group at o-, m-, or p-position of the N-phenyl group using the Ni(0)-catalyzed Yamamoto polymerization in high yields. The series of structural isomers were synthesized in order to optimize the interand intramolecular interactions. The electron-rich triethylene oxide groups or the triphenylamino groups were introduced to tune the HOMO energy levels. These polymers were characterized by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, IR, elemental analysis, GPC, TGA, UV-vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and electrochemical analysis. All the polymers had enough high molecular weights to show a good solubility in common organic solvents and a good processability for making thin films. Deiodination of the terminal residual iodide of the polymers enhanced the fluorescent quantum yields in CHCl 3 (φ f (sol) ) 0.8). In the form of thin films, all the polymers displayed the fluorescence charts with emission bands around 430, 455, and 475 nm. Among the polymers, PmDPAC, PmpEHOC, PoDPAC, PopEHOC remarkably fluoresced blue (φ f (film) > 0.2). The strong fluorescence band around 430 nm for PmpEHOC and PoDPAC suggested a poor visibility, and 475 nm for PopEHOC resulted in an impure blue color emission, while the strong emission band around 455 nm for PmDPAC was appropriate for pure blue emission. Furthermore, the series of PDPAC polymers possessed higher HOMO energy levels than the other carbazole homopolymers.

Several poly(N‐phenyl‐2,7‐carbazole)s that have dialkoxy groups at the m‐ and p‐positions (PmpCzDC, PmpPhDC, PmpCBiDC, PmpEHC), a silyl group at the p‐position (PpPhDSiC), and a diphenylamino group (PmPhDAC, PmEHAC) at the m‐position of the N‐phenyl portion are synthesized, and their optical properties are characterized. These polymers have been used as emitting layer materials of organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) devices that have a configuration of ITO/PEDOT(PSS)/polymer/CsF/Al. The OLED devices embedded with PmpCzDC, PmpPhDC, and PmpEHC show intense luminance of about 15 000 cd · m−2 with efficiencies of about 1 cd · A−1, while the devices embedded with PpPhDSiC, PmPhDAC, and PmEHAC show less luminance but retain the color purity of blue emission under a wide range of applied voltages.

Intermediate water (IW) has been reported to play an important role in nonthrombogenicity of biomaterials. However, clear insights into the IW in the hydrated polymer are still debated. In this study, a series of molecular dynamics simulations was performed to identify the IW structure in hydrated poly­(ω-methoxyalkyl acrylate)­s (PMCxAs, where x indicates the number of methylene carbons) with x = 1–6. Through the quantitative comparison with experimental measurements, IW molecules were suggested to mainly come from the water interacting with an oxygen atom of the polymers, while most of the nonfreezing water (NFW) molecules corresponded to the water interacting with two polymer oxygen atoms. In addition, the IW molecules were found to effectively enhance the flexibility of the PMCxA side chains in comparison with the NFW molecules. The variations of the saturated IW content and the side-chain flexibility with the methylene carbon chain length of PMCxA were also found to be correlated with the experimental nonthrombogenicity of PMCxA, suggesting that the polymer with the more saturated IW content and higher chain flexibility possesses better nonthrombogenicity. Furthermore, through the analyses of the interplays between the IW and polymer and between IW and its adjacent water, we found that the presence of the unique interaction between IW and its adjacent water in the hydrated poly­(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA) is the main factor causing different cold crystallization behaviors of PMEA from the other PMCxAs rather than the interaction between water and the PMCxA matrix. The findings will be useful in the development of new nonthrombogenic materials.

Poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA) shows excellent blood compatibility because of the existence of intermediate water. Various modifications of PMEA by changing its main or side chain's chemical structure allowed tuning of the water content and the blood compatibility of numerous novel polymers. Here, we exploit a possibility of manipulating the surface hydration structure of PMEA by incorporation of small amounts of hydrophobic fluorine groups in MEA polymers using atom-transfer radical polymerization and the (macro) initiator concept. Two kinds of fluorinated MEA polymers with similar molecular weights and the same 5.5 mol % of fluorine content were synthesized using the bromoester of 2,

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