for providing expert advice during the post-workshop review stage. We thank the experts involved in the New Guinea assessment workshop, for their information on species with distributions spanning Torres
Developing an organic luminescent solar concentrator (LSC), featuring ultralong lifetime and high transparency simultaneously, is crucial for building-integrated photovoltaic applications, such as solar energy harvesting clear windows. In this paper, a tandem organic LSC is encapsulated and connected with three optically transparent layers, namely an encapsulating epoxy layer and two insulating SiO2 layers that prevent dissolving the organic dyes into the epoxy layer. Experimental results demonstrate that the encapsulated organic LSC maintains the high average transmission of 60% in the visible range of 390-750 nm, and has an ultralong lifetime of ∼ 6.7 × 104 h under illuminated test in laboratory environment, which is around five times longer than that of the organic LSC without any encapsulation. In addition, experiments confirm that most of the photoluminescence radiation generated in the organic dyes is trapped in the high-index SiO2/epoxy/SiO2 structure, and guided between the glass substrate before emerging from the four edges of the organic LSC sample for conversion to electricity. A 30% increase in short-circuit current is attained, in comparison with a similar unencapsulated organic LSC structur
Genetic diversity generally underpins population resilience and persistence. Reductions in population size and absence of gene flow can lead to reductions in genetic diversity, reproductive fitness, and a limited ability to adapt to environmental change increasing the risk of extinction. Island populations are typically small and isolated, and as a result, inbreeding and reduced genetic diversity elevate their extinction risk. Two island populations of the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, exist; a naturally occurring population on King Island in Bass Strait and a recently introduced population on Kangaroo Island off the coast of South Australia. Here we assessed the genetic diversity within these two island populations and contrasted these patterns with genetic diversity estimates in areas from which the populations are likely to have been founded. On Kangaroo Island, we also modeled live capture data to determine estimates of population size. Levels of genetic diversity in King Island platypuses are perilously low, with eight of 13 microsatellite loci fixed, likely reflecting their small population size and prolonged isolation. Estimates of heterozygosity detected by microsatellites (HE= 0.032) are among the lowest level of genetic diversity recorded by this method in a naturally outbreeding vertebrate population. In contrast, estimates of genetic diversity on Kangaroo Island are somewhat higher. However, estimates of small population size and the limited founders combined with genetic isolation are likely to lead to further losses of genetic diversity through time for the Kangaroo Island platypus population. Implications for the future of these and similarly isolated or genetically depauperate populations are discussed.
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