Point duration in competiti ve t enni s i s becomi ng shor ter, highli ghti ng a greater empha sis on per formance of the fir st strokes of each point , in particular the per for mance of t he serv er. M ethods: Descri ptiv e mea su res of the vi deo-based analysi s i ncluded t he str oke type, point outcome and str oke posit ion of the fir st t wo strokes o f th e serv er (serv ice and fir stsh ot) du ring t en rando ml y sel ect ed sets o f co mp etitio n on hard court. Al l participant s (mal e; n=8) were of the age group 14 and under. R esults: T he per for mance o f th e 1 s t serv e i s characterized by an 'in-percenta ge' of 54.6% and an improved chance of wi nni ng t he poi nt (for t he server) following a 1 s t ser ve (55.9%; P<.001) compared t o a 2 nd ser ve (49.9%). T he majority of stroke positions for fir st-shot wi nn ers were l ocated i n th e centr al zon e o f t he court (52.2%; P<.01). In comparison t o the error rate of all exa mined strokes, we ob serv ed an i ncr eased error rate of the first-shot (16.5% vs. 22.4%, P<.01). Conclusion: Contrasting t o pr ofessionals, juni ors produce more 1 s t ser ve error s and wi n fewer point s dir ectl y via the serve. Success in juni or tenn is r elies i n mini mizi ng error s withi n short rallies speci fical ly on the firstshot of t he server. Coaches of elit e junior t enni s players should focus on strategi es to opti mi ze court positi on followi ng t he serve, and service percen tage t o in crea se co mp etiti ve su ccess rate. T o achi ev e t hi s, th e ser ver sh ou ld u tilize th e serv e as a ' set-up' t ool, dictating the direction of the returner's r etu rn of serve wit hin t he central zones of t he court.
Exploring ways in which social networkers contribute to online groups: A case study of one facebook group's discussion of Australian broadcaster channel 9 during the 2010 winter Olympic games, First Monday, 18(4).
<p><strong>[Genetic profile of bipolar disorder in Panama: related gene analysis and other determining factors in a high prevalence region of manic episodes in the Republic of Panama]<br /></strong></p>Resumen <br />Introducción El Trastorno Bipolar es una enfermedad que causa discapacidad física y cognitiva, afectando tanto a hombres como mujeres, con edad de inicio temprano y con un alto componente hereditario. Objetivo Estimar el comportamiento del Trastorno Bipolar, variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes y su relación con los genes CACNA1-C (12p13.3) y DAOA (13q34) entre personas de 18 años y más en áreas específicas de la Región de Azuero de Panamá. Metodología La muestra calculada fue de 267 personas de 18 años y más (IC 95%) utilizando un muestreo aleatorio, de distribución proporcional según sexo. Se utilizaron las variables: “trastorno bipolar” medido a través del cuestionario de trastornos del estado de ánimo (Mood Disorder Questionnaire, MDQ por sus siglas en inglés); “genes asociados a la bipolaridad” (genes CACNA1-C (12p13.3) y DAOA (13q34)); y un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos y antecedentes personales - familiares. El análisis genético se realizó con PCR (tiempo real). Se utilizaron porcentajes como medida de frecuencia relativa y se consideró significancia estadística para un valor de p ≤ 0.05. Resultados La prevalencia de bipolaridad en la muestra estudiada fue 3.7% (IC 95% 3.5 - 4.1), siendo mayor en mujeres, 6.0% (IC 95% 5.9 - 6.3). El 74.2% (IC 95% 73.9 - 74.4) de los participantes tenía presente el polimorfismo del gen CACNA1-C (12p13.3), y 19.1% (IC 95% 18.9 - 19.4) el del gen DAOA (13q34). Para todas las variables de estudio, la presencia del gen CACNA1-C (12p13.3) fue mayor que la del gen DAOA (13q34). De los 10 casos con MDQ+, 3 presentaron el gen CACNA1-C. Conclusión Esta es la primera investigación sobre bipolaridad, genes y otros factores asociados en Panamá. El gen CACNA1-C fue más prevalente que el DAOA y se asoció más al MDQ +. <br /><br />Abstract<br />Introduction Bipolar disorder is a disease that causes physical and cognitive disability, affecting both men and women, with an early onset age and a high hereditary component. Objective To estimate Bipolar Disorder demeanor, sociodemographic variables, antecedents and its relationship with CACNA1-C (12p13.3) and DAOA (13q34) genes among people aged 18 years and over in specific areas of the Azuero Region of Panama. Methodology The calculated sample was 267 people aged 18 and over (95% CI) using random sampling, proportional distribution according to sex. The variables were used: "bipolar disorder" measured through the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ); "genes associated with bipolarity" (CACNA1-C (12p13.3) and DAOA (13q34) genes); and a sociodemographic data questionnaire and personal - family background. The genetic analysis was performed with PCR (real time). Percentages were used as a measure of relative frequency and statistical significance was considered for a value of p ≤ 0.05. Results The prevalence of bipolarity in the studied sample was 3.7% (CI 95% 3.5 - 4.1), being higher in women, 6.0% (CI 95% 5.9 - 6.3). 74.2% (CI 95% 73.9 - 74.4) of the participants were aware of the polymorphism of the CACNA1-C gene (12p13.3), and 19.1% (CI 95% 18.9 - 19.4) of the DAOA gene (13q34). For all study variables, the presence of the CACNA1-C gene (12p13.3) was greater than that of the DAOA gene (13q34). Of the 10 cases with MDQ +, 3 presented the CACNA1-C gene. Conclusion This is the first research on bipolarity, genes and other associated factors in Panama. The CACNA1-C gene was more prevalent than DAOA and was more associated with MDQ +.<br /><br /><br />
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.