Using collocated altimetry sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) and Argo profiles within detected eddies, we investigated structures of temperature, salinity, potential density, geostrophic current, mixed layer depth (MLD), potential vorticity (PV), and buoyancy frequency (N) in the Kuroshio Extension (KE) region under the influences of oceanic eddies. We identified 54,302 oceanic eddies (snapshots) in the KE region during the period of 1999–2013. The composite analysis showed that changes in physical parameters modulated by the climatological composite eddies (hereinafter referred to as composite eddies) were mainly confined in the upper 800 m. At the eddy core, the maximum cooling in the composite cyclonic eddy (CE) reaches 2.00°C at ∼360 m, with maximum salinity change of −0.13 psu at ∼260 m and maximum potential density change of +0.27 kg/m3 at ∼310 m. In contrast, the maximum warming in the composite anticyclonic eddy (AE) reaches 1.78°C at ∼410 m of the eddy core, with maximum salinity change of 0.12 psu at ∼260 m and maximum potential density change of −0.22 kg/m3 at ∼410 m. There were obvious anticlockwise and clockwise geostrophic current anomalies associated with the composite CE and AE, respectively. The seasonal mean eddy‐modulated MLD anomaly had significant seasonal variations. In addition, they could modulate opposite PV changes, the magnitude of which varied with depth.
SUMMARYIn this paper, the third-order weighted essential non-oscillatory (WENO) schemes are used to simulate the two-dimensional shallow water equations with the source terms on unstructured meshes. The balance of the flux and the source terms makes the shallow water equations fit to non-flat bottom questions. The simulation of a tidal bore on an estuary with trumpet shape and Qiantang river is performed; the results show that the schemes can be used to simulate the current flow accurately and catch the stronger discontinuous in water wave, such as dam break and tidal bore effectively.
In this paper we investigate the performance of the weighted essential non-oscillatory (WENO) methods based on different numerical fluxes, with the objective of obtaining better performance for the shallow water equations by choosing suitable numerical fluxes. We consider six numerical fluxes, i.e., Lax-Friedrichs, local Lax-Friedrichs, Engquist-Osher, Harten-Lax-van Leer, HLLC and the first-order centered fluxes, with the WENO finite volume method and TVD Runge-Kutta time discretization for the shallow water equations. The detailed numerical study is performed for both one-dimensional and two-dimensional shallow water equations by addressing the issues of CPU cost, accuracy, non-oscillatory property, and resolution of discontinuities.Mathematics subject classification: 65M60, 65M99, 35L65.
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