Background:Female feticide, skewed sex ratio, and its attendant social evils have grave ethical undertones for medical professionals and our commitment to save lives. A concerted effort by all is essential against female feticide.Aim:This study was to assess the knowledge of female feticide, declining sex ratio, and corrective measures among medical interns.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 79 medical interns. Data werecollected with the help of predesigned structured questionnaire. Chi-square tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Z tests were used to test the significance level.Results:Knowledge of current sex ratio was significantly better among female interns than male interns. Majority of interns opined that creating awareness is an effective measure to combat declining sex ratio and only 33 interns had correct knowledge regarding all measures. Only 37.9% of interns knew all the legal indications for use of prenatal diagnostic techniques. However, 81% of interns were aware of punishments mentioned for violation of the Act. Mean score of knowledge was 22.06 among males and 24.4 among females.Conclusion:The findings in our study underline the need to sensitize doctors regardingevery aspect of Pre-Conception and Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act and selective sex determination.
Background: The United Nations Declaration on the elimination of 'Violence Against Women (VAW)', General Assembly in 1993 defined VAW as-"Any act of gender based violence that results in or is likely to result in physical, sexual, psychological harm or suffering to women including threat of such act, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty whether occurring in public or private life". Physical abuse such as slapping, beating, arm twisting, stabbing, strangling, burning, choking, kicking, threats with an object or weapon, and murder & also the traditional practices like female genital mutilation etc. Aim and Objective: To find the magnitude of physical violence among the married females. Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out infield practice area under PHC. Thus total 776 married females were selected by systematic random sampling. Written informed consent was taken from the participants. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used and all the confidentiality was maintained. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21 software. Results: Majority of respondents (79.12%) were threatened to hurt by their family members. That 64.94% of the respondents had history of slapping or things thrown at them in past. Rest of the respondents did not give such history. Discussion: A study by Marine Chitashvili (Georgia-2010) et al. Showed that 3.8% of women said that their partners threatened to hurt her or someone she cares about. A study by Chakwana (Malawi 2004) showed that the most common forms of spousal violence are slapping and arm twisting (16 percent). Conclusion: Physical violence ranged from moderate to severe violence; slapping, thrown something and Kicking/hit/bit was the most common type of physical violence encountered among women by their male partner. There is a need to create awareness about the adverse consequences of partner abuse through gender advocacy and formal and/or informal education, employing information education and communication was crucial.
Background: Management of Diabetes in tribal populations who have lower access to education and health care services poses unique challenges. Understanding patterns at local level will help implement comprehensive primary care services better. Objectives: To record self-care behaviors and identify barriers to self-care among tribal diabetics. Material and Methods: A triangulation (Quant + Qual) mixed-methods study was undertaken in 124 patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus attending tribal health clinics in Bhandardara and Rajur in Akole taluka between April 2019 to April 2020. Socio-demographic profile, clinical history, Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) scores, and themes from Focus group discussion with patients were analyzed. Results: There was negative correlation between all domains of self-care with age. Being married correlated with better diet management (ρ= 0.344, p=0.001), physical activity (ρ= 0.184, p=0.04), and health service utilization (ρ= 0.274, p=0.002). Tobacco consumption was reported by 66.9% of patients and 74.49% of patients reported alcohol consumption. Presence of addictions showed negative correlation with all domains of self-care behaviors. Conclusion: Patients have led a relatively active lifestyle and are willing to comply with advice. Areas that need special attention are high prevalence of addictions, lack of foot care, lack of knowledge, depression & lack of supportive care. Family circumstances and socio-cultural factors need to be taken into account. Supportive care, family involvement in diet planning, improving health service utilization by addressing health beliefs, availability of time and money, competing priorities, perceived quality of care, and patient’s expectations from care providers. Efforts to improve community participation and inclusive care will foster confidence among patients to avail of services.
Background: Starting from Vedic age to twenty first century, women have never been given equal freedom as of males. It is always the women who have to be on the tight rope, subject to inequality and looked down as an inferior sex. The aim and objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of domestic violence.Methods: 776 married females were selected by systematic random sampling from the field practice area under primary health care. Prior a pilot study was carried out among 25 married class IV female workers. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used and all the confidentiality was maintained. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21 software.Results: Average age of the respondents was 28.13 years with range 18 to 56 years. Overall 96% respondents were literate, whereas literacy rate in rural population in parent district was 67.8%. Majority number of respondents were housewives i.e. 58.37%.Conclusions: Various sociodemographic factors like age of the women, education of women and perpetrator, age at marriage of women, and the socio-economic status shows inverse relationship with occurrence of domestic violence. More economic empowerment, along with higher education, may provide women with the ground of awareness protesting platform eventually promoting protective factors against domestic violence.
Background: Aim of the study was to find the factors leading to anemia in pregnancy. The main objective was to study the various sociodemographic factors leading to anemia and to assess the knowledge about anemia among pregnant females.Methods: The present cross sectional study was carried out at urban health centre, to determine the factors leading to anemia in pregnancy. A total of 100 pregnant females were registered. Demographic data was collected by interview method. A pretested and pre designed questionnaire was used for data collection. Hb was estimated using Sahli’s hemoglobinometer and females having haemoglobin less than 11 mg/dl were considered anaemic. Data analysis was done using SPSS software. Results: The overall mean haemoglobin (Hb) was 9.58+2.2g/dl. It was seen that diet, family size, education, social class, gravida and parity are associated with anaemia in pregnancy. Conclusions: After adjusting for all the possible covariates there seems to be significant association between Hb levels and age group, education level, family size, diet, gravida and parity.
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