Jerusalem artichoke could be an alternative feedstock for bioenergy during times when there are shortages of other raw materials for the ethanol industry. However, insufficient water under rainfed conditions is a major cause of Jerusalem artichoke losses. Genetic variation for drought tolerance is an essential prerequisite for the development of Jerusalem artichoke cultivars with improved drought tolerance. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of drought stress on tuber dry weight and biomass and to investigate the genotypic variability in Jerusalem artichoke germplasm. The line-source sprinkler technique was used to compare moisture responses of a range of 40 Jerusalem artichoke genotypes grown using 3 water levels. Experiments were conducted on a Yasothon soil series in Northeast Thailand during 2010/11 and 2011/12 and included extended dry periods. Drought reduced tuber dry weight and biomass, and the reductions in tuber dry weight and biomass were greater under severe drought than moderate drought conditions. Over both seasons, CN 52867, HEL 53, HEL 231, HEL 335, JA 76, HEL 65, and JA 102 × JA 89 (8) had consistently high tuber dry weight (1.3 to 4.5 t ha -1 ) and HEL 53, HEL 61, HEL 231, HEL 335, JA 76, JA 15, JA 89, HEL 65, HEL 256, and JA 102 × JA 89 (8) had consistently high biomass (2.0 to 6.8 t ha -1 ). These Jerusalem artichoke genotypes are promising parents in breeding for drought tolerance.
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of drought on tuber yield, total biomass, harvest index, water use efficiency of tuber yield (WUEt) and water use efficiency of biomass (WUEb), and to evaluate the differential responses of Jerusalem artichoke ( JA) varieties under drought stress. The 3 × 5 factorial combinations of three water regimes (Field capacity (FC), 50% available soil water (50%AW) and 25%AW), and five JA varieties ( JA 60, JA 125, JA 5, JA 89 and HEL 65) were arranged in a pot experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications for two years. Data were recorded for tuber dry weight, total biomass, harvest index, WUEt and WUEb at harvest. Drought reduced tuber dry weight, total biomass, harvest index, WUEt and WUEb, and reductions were more severe under the severe drought stress of 25%AW. Varieties were significantly different for all traits under drought and well-watered conditions. The JA varieties were classified into three groups. The first category was comprised of the JA 5 variety with high tuber yield potential and low drought tolerance, the second category consisted of JA 60 and JA 125 varieties with low tuber yield potential and high drought tolerance, and the third group included JA 89 and HEL 65 varieties with low tuber yield potential and low drought tolerance. The multiple regression analysis showed that tuber yield, total biomass and harvest index at 50%AW and 25%AW depended largely on the reductions of tuber yield, total biomass and harvest index under drought. Therefore, the results of this study recommend that the selection of JA genotypes with low reduction in yield under drought stress could be a criterion in drought resistance breeding programs for development of JA varieties with high tuber yield under drought stress. JA with drought tolerance in this study means high tuber yield under drought conditions. JA 5 had high yield and WUEt across water regimes and could be used as parental source for drought tolerance breeding programs in further research. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of drought on tuber yield, total biomass, harvest index, water use efficiency of tuber yield (WUEt) and water use efficiency of biomass (WUEb), and to evaluate the differential responses of Jerusalem artichoke (JA) varieties under drought stress. The 3 × 5 factorial combinations of three water regimes (Field capacity (FC), 50% available soil water (50%AW) and 25%AW), and five JA varieties (JA 60, JA 125, JA 5, JA 89 and HEL 65) were arranged in a pot experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications for two years. Data were recorded for tuber dry weight, total biomass, harvest index, WUEt and WUEb at harvest. Drought reduced tuber dry weight, total biomass, harvest index, WUEt and WUEb, and reductions were more severe under the severe drought stress of 25%AW. Varieties were significantly different for all traits under drought and well-watered conditions. The JA varieties were classified into three groups....
The objective of this study was to determine effects of drought on selected root growth parameters and develop relationships between root parameters and tuber yield for selected Jerusalem artichoke (JA) genotypes. Three water regimes (Field capacity, 50% available soil water (AW) and 25% AW) and five JA varieties (JA 60, JA 125, JA 5, JA 89 and HEL 65) were planted with factorial treatments in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Data on root dry weight (RDW) and root: shoot ratios (RSR) were measured manually. Root diameter (RD), root length (RL), root surface area (RSA) and root volume (RV) were collected at harvest. Drought tolerance indices (DTI) were calculated for all root parameters. Drought reduced all root parameters and DTI but increased RSR in JA 60, JA 125, JA 5, and HEL 65. JA 125 had high values for all root traits and DTI of these traits under drought stress. JA 60 had high DTI of RDW, RD and RSR under mild and severe water stress. JA 5 had high DTI of RDW, RD, RL, RSR and RV under drought conditions. JA 89 and HEL 65 performed well for RDW, RD, RL and low DTI of all root characteristics. DTI for root parameters were positively correlated with tuber dry weight under mild and severe water stress. The JA 5, JA 60 and JA 125 varieties showed high DTI for some root traits, indicating that better root parameters contributed to higher tuber yield under drought stress.
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