Halo nevus (HN) is benign skin condition with a central melanocytic nevus, surrounded by an area or halo of depigmentation. It is the result of immunological response of the body toward the nevus, which destroys the melanocytes in surrounding skin, leading to the depigmented halo. An increased frequency of HN in patients with vitiligo is observed. It is more commonly seen in children or young adults of either sex, particularly on the trunk, less commonly on the face, neck, and limbs. We present a rare case of HN which was present on the lower eyelid associated with poliosis, diagnosed with dermatoscopy.
Background:
An adverse cutaneous drug reaction (ACDR) is an undesirable change in structure and function of the skin, its appendages, or mucous membranes due to drugs.
Aims and Objectives:
To study the demographic details, clinical patterns, mucocutaneous involvement, causality, and the offending drugs causing ACDR.
Materials and Methods:
In this observational study, we have seen 2,96,544 patients in the skin department at a rural-based tertiary health-care hospital, out of which 728 cases were diagnosed to have ACDR from a time span of April 2010 to March 2021. The causality assessment system WHO-UMC (World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring, the Uppsala Monitoring Centre), the Naranjo probability scale, and Hartwigs score were calculated for patients.
Results:
Out of 728 cases, males were 371 (50.96%); most common age group was 21–30 years (25.13%). The most common presenting complaint was erythematous rash (21.29%). Antimicrobials (
n
= 345, 47.39%) were the most common drug group. Most common mucosa involved was oral mucosa and most common pattern of reaction seen was maculopapular rash (25%) among these patients. In the causality assessment using WHO guidelines, there were 66 (9.1%) certain, 224 (30.83%) probable, and 436 (60%) possible cases. Naranjo score showed 73 (10%) definite cases, 255 (35%) probable cases, and 400 (55%) possible cases, while Hartwigs score showed level 2 in 122 (16.7%) cases and level 3 in 412 (56.7%) cases.
Conclusion:
Wide spectrum of drug reactions were observed in this study. Antimicrobials were the most common causative agents of ACDR.
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