Acrylamide copolymer in the chemical flooding process plays a significant role in the field of tertiary recovery for enhanced oil recovery. Allyl-β-cyclodextrin and octadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride are utilized to react with acrylamide to synthesize a novel cyclodextrin-functionalized hydrophobically associating acrylamide polymer (HCMPAM) by redox freeradical polymerization. The microstructure of HCMPAM is the spatial network characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, and the thermal stability of HCMPAM is investigated by thermal gravimetic analysis. In the performance evaluation experiments, HCMPAM demonstrates superior properties compared to the high molecular weight partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide on the aspects of salt tolerance, temperature resistance, shear resistance, and surfactant compatibility. It was found that the viscosity of 2000 mg/L HCMPAM reaches a maximum at 80 °C, and it could maintain 45.7% viscosity retention rate at 120 °C under the conditions of 20000 mg/L NaCl, 2000 mg/L CaCl 2 , and 10 s −1 shear rate. The viscosity can recover immediately with a slight decrease to the primary value during repeated revisable shear (100 s −1 −0). In addition, the flooding mechanism of mixed flooding of HCMPAM and surfactant is put forward by the interaction between them. The simulative tertiary oil recovery tests signify that HCMPAM can remarkably enhance 5.7−9.4% of oil recovery ratio, especially while HCMPAM is used after HPAM flooding. These features indicate that HCMPAM has a great potential application for enhanced oil recovery, especially in high-temperature and high-mineralization oil fields.
Poly(acrylamide/sodium acrylate/N‐dodecyl acrylamide)s [poly(AM/NaAA/C12AM)s] with different hydrophobic microblock lengths (NH's) were prepared by the micellar copolymerization of acrylamide and sodium acrylate with a low amount of N‐dodecyl acrylamide (0.2 mol %), and the molecular structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H‐NMR, and static light scattering. A combination of experiments involving viscosity measurement, fluorescence, and conductometry was applied to investigate the effect of NH on the interaction strength and binding capacity between poly(AM/NaAA/C12AM)s and C12H25SO4Na [sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)]. The viscosity, I3/I1 (the intensity ratio of the third vibrational band to the first band of pyrene molecules), and conductivity of the mixed system of copolymers with SDS all had different variation trends with the concentration of SDS. The binding capacity of the copolymers with SDS was calculated according to quantitative differences between the critical micelle concentration of the pure SDS solution and the mixed system. All of the results show that the interaction strength of SDS with the copolymers rose, and the binding capacity decreased with increasing NH. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40633.
Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs), especially Fe-MOFs, have shown prospective application in eliminating organic dyes from wastewater due to their well-developed pores, water stability, easy preparation, and economy. Herein, we synthesized four types of Fe-MOFs (such as MIL-88A, MIL-88B, MIL-100, and MIL-101) using the hydrothermal method. The products were analyzed with several methods. By comparing the adsorption effect of those four types of Fe-MOFs on three kinds of dyes, it has been shown that MIL-100 owns the best adsorption efficiency on cationic organic dyes methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) in 180 min, while all MOFs have slight removal capacity on methyl orange (MO). MIL-100, as an adsorbent, was studied under various research conditions, and the maximum removal efficiencies to MB, RhB, and MO were found to be up to 97.36%, 88.75%, and 13.00%, respectively. Furthermore, cationic dye MB's removal by MIL-100 was fitted with a pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model (Q m = 411.041 mg/g) by adsorption kinetics and isotherms research, and MIL-100 could rapidly and selectively divide MB from a binary complex aqueous solution of MB and MO. The as-fabricated MIL-100 also exhibited excellent recyclability after four adsorption−desorption recycles and can be treated as a potential substance with high removal efficiency of cationic organic dye-containing industrial effluents.
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