English as a lingua franca is generally viewed as a user language in which the formal characteristics are adapted to meet the communicative needs of its speakers, inherently resulting in linguistic innovation and variation. In the part-of-speech (POS) tagging of the Vienna-Oxford International Corpus of English (VOICE), many cases were encountered whereby ELF users go beyond the commonly assumed boundaries of word class categories in Standard English by the process defined as word class change. Word class change is understood as a change of word class category, or syntagmatic function, without alternation of the morphological form. In this paper, it is demonstrated how forms which were used in a non-codified function were dealt with in the tagging procedure. Reviewing concepts commonly used to explain word class change, namely conversion and multifunctionality, it is argued that a number of presumptions inherent in these concepts cause difficulties when applied to ELF data. In a case study, the most frequent types of word class shifts or variation (terms which are considered more suitable for ELF data) in VOICE are exemplified, analysed, and discussed with regard to the forms which are shifted, the directionality of these shifts, as well as the environment in which the shifts occur. It is shown that word class shifts in ELF interactions follow clear tendencies and thus a reconceptualization of the concepts of conversion and multifunctionality with regard to ELF is proposed. Finally, it is argued that if tagging practices attempt to display, rather than disguise, initial "problems" arising in the tagging process, this can help to gain useful insights into the nature of the data.Zusammenfassung: English als Lingua Franca wird generell als Nutzersprache gesehen, in welcher die formalen Charakteristika adaptiert werden um den kommunikativen Bedürfnissen ihrer Sprecher und Sprecherinnen zu dienen, was Brought to you by | New York University Bobst Library Technical Services Authenticated Download Date | 6/17/15 12:33 PM 110 Ruth Osimk-Teasdale von Natur aus linguistische Innovation und Variation zur Folge hat. Im Prozess des Part-of-Speech (POS) Taggings des Vienna-Oxford International Corpus of English (VOICE) trafen wir auf viele Fälle, in welchen ELF Sprecher und Sprecherinnen allgemein angenommene Grenzen von Wortklassen des Standard Englisch mittels Änderung von Wortklassenkategorien, überschreiten. Diese Änderung der Wortklasse wird als Änderung der syntagmatischen Funktion ohne Alternation der morphologischen Form verstanden. In diesem Artikel wird gezeigt, wie mit solchen Formen, welche in nicht-kodifizierten Funktionen benutzt wurden, im Taggingprozess behandelt wurden. Es wird ein Literaturüberblick bekannter Konzepte zur Beschreibung des Phänomens der Änderung einer Wortklasse, nämlich Konversion und Multifunktionalität, gegeben, wobei argumentiert wird, dass einige Grundannahmen dieser Konzepte bei der Anwendung auf ELF Daten nicht unproblematisch sind. In einer Fallstudie werden Beispiele für die häufig-st...
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