SummaryObesity is a global epidemic with major healthcare implications and costs. Mobile technologies are potential interventions to promote weight loss. An early systematic review of this rapidly growing area of research was conducted. Electronic databases were searched for articles published between January 1998 and October 2011. Data sources included Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Ongoing research was searched for using clinical trials databases and registers. Out of 174 articles retrieved, 21 met the inclusion criteria of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on mobile technology interventions facilitating weight loss in overweight and obese adults with any other comparator. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. Seven articles were included and appraised using the Cochrane risk of bias tool: four presented a low risk of bias and three presented a high risk of bias. There is consistent strong evidence across the included multiple high-quality RCTs that weight loss occurs in the short-term because of mobile technology interventions, with moderate evidence for the medium-term. Recommendations for improving the reporting and quality of future trials are made including reporting weight loss in percent to meet clinical standards, and including features such as long-term follow-up, cost-effectiveness and patient acceptability.

BackgroundThe study investigated the feasibility of conducting a future Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention for weight loss and HbA1c reduction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).MethodsThe intervention was a small wearable mHealth device used over 12 weeks by overweight people with T2DM with the intent to lose weight and reduce their HbA1c level. A 4 week maintenance period using the device followed. The device records physical activity level and information about food consumption, and provides motivational feedback based on energy balance. Twenty-seven participants were randomised to receive no intervention; intervention alone; or intervention plus weekly motivational support. All participants received advice on diet and exercise at the start of the study. Weight and HbA1c levels were recorded at baseline and weeks 6, 12, and 16. Qualitative interviews were conducted with participants who received the intervention to explore their experiences of using the device and involvement in the study including the training received.ResultsOverall the device was perceived to be well-liked, acceptable, motivational and easy to use by participants. Some logistical changes were required during the feasibility study, including shortening of the study duration and relaxation of participant inclusion criteria. Descriptive statistics of weight and HbA1c data showed promising trends of weight loss and HbA1c reduction in both intervention groups, although this should be interpreted with caution.ConclusionsA number of methodological recommendations for a future RCT emerged from the current feasibility study. The mHealth device was acceptable and promising for helping individuals with T2DM to reduce their HbA1c and lose weight. Devices with similar features should be tested further in larger studies which follow these methodological recommendations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12911-016-0331-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The results of two recently completed studies, one in the Trent Region and the other in the Anglia and Oxford Region, of the information-related behaviour of general medical practitioners (GPs) and of information activities within the general practices illustrating the information seeking behaviour of GPs, their generation of information, and communication within, to and from the practice. GPs stated that there is a need for more information to enable practices to function within the changing NHS environment. The increasing emphasis on evidence-based medicine also creates the need for appropriate information sources. The Trent study resulted in guidelines for best information practice, especially the need for each practice to have an information strategy. The Anglia and Oxford Study examined the role which the library and information services could play in supporting primary health care.

Sheffield University has recently introduced a new Health Informatics Masters degree by distance learning. This paper documents the initial experiences of setting up, managing and delivering this course. The three parts of the paper cover motivation and background, design and content, and the issues, observations and problems relating to the course respectively. The latter relate to the logistics of delivery and how best to utilize the features of WebCT, and also how to meet the aspirations of students from a wide range of backgrounds.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of research activity, research use, research interests and research skills in the social care workforce in two UK councils with social service responsibilities (CSSRs). A cross-sectional survey was conducted of the social care workforce in two CSSRs (n = 1512) in 2005. The sample was identified in partnership with the councils, and included employees with professional qualifications (social workers and occupational therapists); staff who have a role to assess, plan and monitor care; service managers; commissioners of services; and those involved with social care policy, information management and training. The survey achieved a response rate of 24% (n = 368). The Internet was reported as an effective source of research information; conversely, research-based guidelines were reported to have a low impact on practice. Significant differences were found in research use, by work location, and postgraduate training. Most respondents saw research as useful for practice (69%), and wanted to collaborate in research (68%), but only 11% were planning to do research within the next 12 months. Having a master's degree was associated with a greater desire to lead or collaborate in research. A range of research training needs, and the preferred modes of delivery were identified. Support to increase research activity includes protected time and mentorship. The study concludes that a range of mechanisms to make research available for the social care workforce needs to be in place to support evidence-informed practice. Continual professional development to a postgraduate level supports the use and production of evidence in the social care workforce, and promotes the development of a research culture. The term research is used to include service user consultations, needs assessment and service evaluation. The findings highlight a relatively large body of the social care workforce willing to collaborate and conduct research. Councils and research support systems need to be developed to utilise this relatively untapped potential.

Whitworth et al., 2004). An Australian research capacity building model has been suggested by Farmer and Weston (2002). Their six guiding principles for research capacity building include a whole system approach, accommodating diversity, reducing barriers to participation, enabling collaboration, mentoring and networking. Grundy and Johnston (2003) found that strategies to strengthen research capacity in primary care in Australia included building on research collaborations, undertaking trials of social models

This paper describes a project to enhance the learning experience of students, in which a multimedia healthcare case study and associated tasks are being developed and evaluated within the Distance Learning MSc in Health Informatics programme at the University of Sheffield. The paper provides background context and motivation for the case study, followed by a description of its content, which is based upon a general practice change management scenario. The way in which this material was researched and developed is reviewed, covering rationale, methodology and the strategy for evaluation. Early evaluation suggests that the introduction of the case study is having a positive effect on the problem of isolation experienced by students on distance learning courses. The paper also reflects on the overheads of this project. Those with substantial experience in computer-assisted learning should be involved at an early stage, and planning and sequencing of both the case study itself and between the case study and the course should be given attention. The paper concludes that benefits of the approach are significant, and include better integration of course modules, shared decision making and group problem solving.

This qualitative study aimed to identify UK health visitors' management of information, with particular reference to their public health and community development activities. Widely recognized concepts, such as information audit to assess information need and process models of information management, were applied at operational level to represent health visitors' information environment. The naturalistic methodology included interviews and observation, the use of NUD.IST to aid qualitative data analysis, and the code and retrieve method to develop theory. The results highlight information flows, categories of information need, and key issues relating to health visitors' information management practice. It is concluded that the community development work of health visitors can be seen as information work, and that health visitors can be viewed as 'information processors' and 'information facilitators'. It is suggested that health visiting requires an information policy that will inform the development of local information strategies and effective information management practices. Keywords community development, health visitors, information management, information needs, public health IntroductionThe purpose of this article is to report a study of information management (IM) in health visitors' public health and community development activities and to apply information management concepts to an as yet unexamined area. In what follows we discuss the 83 Article Downloaded from background to the study and describe the qualitative methodology. Results highlight information flows in relation to the IM cycle, and the role of technology in the perceptions and work of the people involved in the study. Health visitors' information needs and the way information is acquired, and some key issues in relation to the way health visitors deal with information, are identified. We conclude that community development can be seen as 'information work' given the 'information facilitation' role that health visitors undertake on behalf of their clients, and offer recommendations and guidelines for practice, including the development of an information policy for health visiting work.