The first year of Active for Life demonstrated that Active Choices and Active Living Every Day, 2 evidence-based physical activity programs, can be successfully translated into community settings with diverse populations. Further, the magnitudes of change in outcomes were similar to those reported in the efficacy trials.

Men and women with higher fitness levels consumed diets that more closely approached national dietary recommendations than their lower fit peers.

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Active for Life((R)) (AFL) was a large (n = 8159) translational initiative to increase physical activity (PA) in midlife and older adults. Translational research calls for a shift in emphasis from just understanding what works (efficacy) to also understanding how it works in more 'real world' settings. This article describes the process evaluation design and findings, discuss how these findings were used to better understand the translational process and provide a set of process evaluation recommendations with community-based translational research. AFL community organizations across the United States implemented one of two evidence-based PA programs (Active Living Every Day-The Cooper Institute; Human Kinetics Inc. or Active Choices-Stanford University). Both programs were based on the transtheoretical model and social cognitive theory. Overall, the process evaluation revealed high-dose delivery and implementation fidelity by quite varied community organizations serving diverse adult populations. Findings reveal most variation occurred for program elements requiring more participant engagement. Additionally, the results show how a collaborative process allowed the organizations to 'fit' the programs to their specific participant base while maintaining fidelity to essential program elements.

As an integrated physical activity and nutrition intervention, the IWP has shown its strength in addressing some of the lifestyle behaviors for CVD prevention in this at-risk target population.

Physical inactivity is an important contributor to the development of numerous chronic conditions and alone is an independent risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and depression and yet, most Americans consistently fail to achieve the recommended amount of physical activity. As part of Project HealthDesign, we designed and prototyped a personal health record application (PHA) that delivers and supports a highly individualized, behaviorally based lifestyle physical activity intervention for sedentary adults. Through a user centered design approach, we engaged consumers, health care providers, and personal trainers for multiple facilitated group discussions and structured interviews to determine their needs and wants related to an activity PHA. The PHA was developed to include elements of evidence-based approaches which help participants adopt cognitive and behavioral skills such as goal-setting, self-monitoring, accepting social support, cognitive restructuring, contingency management, decisional balance, and relapse prevention. This PHA demonstrated the potential for research-based behavioral interventions to be delivered via a web portal. This finding is important for both consumers and their providers who have the desire to implement physical activity recommendations, but lack the tools to facilitate or undertake such interventions.

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Objective: Because the percentage of missing portion sizes was large in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS), careful consideration of the accuracy of standard portion sizes was necessary. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the consequences of using standard portion sizes instead of reported portion sizes on subjects' nutrient intake. Methods: In 2307 men and 411 women, nutrient intake calculated from a 3-day dietary record using reported portion sizes was compared with nutrient intake calculated from the same record in which standard portion sizes were substituted for reported portion sizes. Results: The standard portion sizes provided signi®cantly lower estimates (> 20%) of energy and nutrient intakes than the reported portion sizes. Spearman correlation coef®cients obtained by the two methods were high, ranging from 0.67 to 0.93. Furthermore, the agreement between both methods was fairly good. Thus, in the ACLS the use of standard portion sizes rather than reported portion sizes did not appear to be suitable to assess the absolute intake at the group level, but appeared to lead to a good ranking of individuals according to nutrient intake. These results were con®rmed by the Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII), in which the assessment of the portion size was optimal. When the standard portion sizes were adjusted using the correction factor, the ability of the standard portion sizes to assess the absolute nutrient intake at the group level was considerably improved. Conclusions: This study suggests that the adjusted standard portion sizes may be able to replace missing portion sizes in the ACLS database. Keywords Dietary record Epidemiological methodsFood Nutrient intake Portion sizeIn nutritional epidemiology studies, minimizing measurement error is a key element in the successful elucidation of diet±disease relationships. One of the main errors in the assessment of nutrient intake occurs during the determination of portion size. Where information about portion size is missing, standard portion sizes have traditionally been used. This assumes that standard portion sizes accurately re¯ect the amount typically consumed. However, ®ndings on the accuracy of standard portions are con¯icting 1±8 . As part of the large-scale observational ACLS, dietary intake was assessed using the dietary record method. Information about portion size was obtained by estimating the amount for each food consumed. However, for many food items information on portion size was not available. Since the percentage of missing portion sizes was large (22%), this prompted the need to determine whether standard portion sizes were able to replace missing portion sizes in the ACLS data set.The aim of the present study is to investigate in the ACLS database the consequences of using standard portion sizes instead of reported portion sizes on subjects' nutrient intakes. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of substituting standard portion sizes for reported portion sizes on nutrient intake in th...