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The role of various effector T cell populations in the bovine immune response toMycobacterium bovis infection is poorly understood. This is largely due to the difficulties associated with performing in vivo challenge studies in the natural host species. In this report, we utilized a fetal bovine-severe combined immunodeficient (SCID-bo) xenochimeric mouse model to study the protective role of two putative effector cell types, CD8 ؉ T cells and a subpopulation of ␥/␦ T cells that express WC-1, a member of the cysteine-rich scavenger receptor superfamily (CRSR). We demonstrate that CD8 ؉ T cells play a key role in protection and contribute substantially to bovine IFN-␥ mRNA levels at 30 days post-infection. The role of WC-1 bearing cells to protection was less definitive but our results suggest that this population may play a pivotal role early in infection. Granuloma architecture was altered in anti-WC-1 (ILA29) but not anti-CD8 (ILA51) -treated animals, suggesting that this population may be involved in recruitment of various cell types to sites of infection. J. Leukoc. Biol. 65: 28-34; 1999.

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