the waste natural such as groundnut shell, rice husk, eggshell, pistachio shells, etc., are regionally available. All these waste natural has good mechanical characteristics and can be employed more efficiently in the improvement of composite materials for different uses. This paper shows the study of the impact test, tensile test and flexural test properties of the pistachio shell powder strengthened epoxy resin. Pistachio shell powder with different weight fraction (5%, 7%, and 9%) strengthened epoxy resin has been developed by hand lay-up method. The tensile test, flexural test and impact strength displays the sample (epoxy+7% wt. pistachio shells) has the highest comparison with other samples. The principal results extracted from this work that the Samples with (9%) weight fraction of the pistachio shell content in epoxy resin decreases the modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, tensile strength, impact strength and flexural modulus, while at (5% and 7%) weight fraction of the pistachio shell content in epoxy resin raise the modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, flexural modulus, flexural strength and impact strength increased.
In this research, erosion wear rate and hardness shore D for polymer biocomposite materials were investigated. The present bio-composites made up of differing weight percentage of pistachio shell powder (0%, 5%, 7%, and 9%) with epoxy resin was prepared by hand layout method. The erosion wear rates for bio composites obtained with under constant factors (10 hours, 60º impingement angles, sand silica particles 850μm, standoff distance 23 cm, flow rate 45 L/min, room temperature, nozzle diameter 4mm and pump diameter 50 mm). Results show that the specimen (epoxy + 9% pistachio shell powder) has the best erosion wear rate resistance and hardness shore D compared with other specimens, also the specimen reinforced by 9% pistachio shell have the lower density and highest water absorption percentage and it is found that the improving percentage for the this specimen in hardness is (11.5%) and in erosion wear rate is (775%). The study reveals that the addition of pistachio shell powder to the epoxy reduces its erosion wear rate and semi ductile behavior.
Pozzolime, PL, is a promising sustainable building material, because of its low carbon footprint on environments as compared to Portland cement. Portland cement contributes to about 7% of the global CO2 emission. The Pozzolime is produced by mixing materials cause lower CO2 emission, the lime, and some industry by-products, silica fume or fly ash. Pozzolime paste exhibits longer setting time than the Portland cement mixtures. The initial setting time ranges from 20 to 21.5 hours and the final setting time ranges from 25–265 hours. Such characteristics limit the use of the new binder, PL. The aim of this research is to study the effect of many additives on the setting time of PL paste. The study includes the investigation of using plaster of Paris (CaSO4), natural gypsum (NG), cement kiln dust (CKD), and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), as set-controllers. The results showed that the most effective set-controller was the sodium bicarbonate due to the composition of sodium hydroxide, which is considered as accelerator to the pozzolanic reaction.
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