This article was written with support from the CARI HESP OSI Program (Budapest). Irina Chernykh and Rustam Burnashev are professors at the Kazakhstan-German University. Translated from the Russian by Language Services Branch, George C. Marshall Center. 1 Of course, the assertion that the starting point for "international" terrorism was September 11, 2001 is not fully correct. For example, "the first item on the agenda of the first meeting of the National Security Council under President Reagan was international terrorism…. Secretary of State Alexander Haig announced … that 'international terrorism will take the place of human rights' as the number one priority of the Reagan administration. A decade later George Bush … proclaimed in his Inaugural Address that terrorism and drugs would be the two primary targets of his administration." James Der Derian, Antidiplomacy: Spies, Terror, Speed, and War (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1992), 73. 2 Buzan and Waever define securitization as "the discursive process through which an intersubjective understanding is constructed within a political community to treat something as an existential threat to a valued referent object, and to enable a call for urgent and exceptional measures to deal with the threat.
The paper focuses on the issue of how and through which apparatuses the sustainability of Central Asian weak states and their regimes are provided. Using Foucault’s concept of ‘dispositif of security’ allows to argue that Central Asian regimes put an emphasis not on security but on the disciplinary mechanism, positioning them as a transcendent power relative to the population. At the same time, they use the security terminology and techniques of securitization, which makes it possible to maximize control over all spheres of population life through a reduction of personal and social space, as well as public policy.
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