This article describes and discusses the rationale for an experiential methodology to help trainees expand their repertoire of behaviors in clinical situations. The goal in addressing the trainee's personal, "handicapping" responses is to pay attention to "how" a therapist is perceived, "why" a therapist has certain blindspots, and "what" the therapist does to co-create a therapeutic impasse. In addition, experientially considering the impact of self encourages therapists to "learn to learn" that they are an active, resourceful participant in the evolutionary process of the therapeutic system.
The professional therapist, like an actor, has a role. Inside, in between, and beyond the role is a person without a clearly defined script in the therapeutic interview. This paper looks at the interplay between the therapist's role and personhood. As with the professional actor, the T can be an effective consultant to the role. The ‘I’ or visceral responses of the therapist can increase the therapist's sensitivity to the family members' emotional experience in the familial and therapeutic relationships. This information can help the therapist be more ‘response‐able’– a position where the therapist is more flexible and ‘able to respond’ to the emotional experience of the family interview. Thus, by increasing therapeutic options, the interface between the ‘I’ and the role can help the therapist be more professionally ethical and ‘responsible’.
The significant benefit of experiential learning in group work presents ethical complexities that must be considered by students, faculty, and programs. This article explores the clinical and ethical intricacies of teaching a group counseling course while facilitating an experiential group as part of the course curriculum. Specifically, the framework presented examines the dual roles of facilitator and instructor as complementary versus adversarial functions while analyzing challenges to both teacher and students. Guidelines for effectively running an experiential group as part of a group counseling course are presented utilizing five ethical principles: fidelity, beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice. Finally, guidelines and practice considerations specifically tailored for the educative role as instructor and the process role as group facilitator are provided.
This article describes the rationale and methodology of a supervisory approach that recruits family-of-origin members as resources to help resolve professional dilemmas. We have found that professional impasses resonate with family-of-origin themes. As supervisory consultants, family-of-origin members have access to family stories, rules, myths, and resources that can provide new messages for a more differentiated use of self in the clinical setting. The standard format of this family supervisory consultation is separated in three phases. First, the supervisor discusses and explores the nature of the supervisee's professional dilemma (i.e., difficulty with angry clients). Second, the supervisor explores the evolution of this same theme through the historical and personal stories of the family-of-origin members. Third, the supervisee anonymously presents a specific case that exemplifies this theme. The supervisor, along with consultation from the family, focuses on the development of a more flexible use of self in the therapeutic system. Thus, the session begins and ends with the professional development of the supervisee. However, there is personal sharing during the second phase, so there are sections that address developmental, supervisory, and ethical considerations. Even though the goal of this meeting is to promote professional growth, personal and family changes are common by-products. Four supervisory anecdotes illustrate this approach to supervision.
In a unique supervisory arrangement, pre-doctoral psychology interns supervise master's level social work interns in a university counseling center setting. A supervision of supervision group (SOS group), which is conjointly led by a psychology intern supervisor and the social work intern supervisor, monitors and advances the professional development of the supervisors-in-training (s-i-ts) and indirectly facilitates the professional growth of the social work supervisees. The most dynamic aspect of the SOS group is the ''live'' supervision of the in vivo encounter between the psychology intern and social work supervisee. The identification of repetitive themes occurring in the therapeutic, supervisory, and supervision-ofsupervision systems (parallel processes) provide the foundation for the development of interventions that disrupt rigid patterns.We would like to thank all of the current and previous psychology and social work interns who have helped shape the live supervision of supervision process.The interface of the therapeutic, supervisory, and SOS systems offer interventions that promote the growth and development of the psychology and social work interns. This approach is illustrated through theoretical discussion, methodological description, and case vignettes.
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