Abstract. The transboundary Lancang–Mekong River basin has experienced dynamics of cooperation over the past several decades, which is a common emergent response in transboundary coupled human–water systems. Downstream countries rely on the Mekong River for fisheries, agriculture, navigation and ecological services, while upstream countries have been constructing dams to generate hydropower. The dam construction and operation in upstream countries have changed the seasonality of streamflow in downstream countries, affecting their economic benefits. More recently, cooperation between upstream and downstream countries has been enhanced throughout the river basin. In this study, we introduce a quantitative socio-hydrological model to simulate hydrological processes, reservoir operations, economic benefits, policy feedbacks and therefore dynamics of cooperation within the Lancang–Mekong River basin. The model reproduces the observed dynamics of cooperation in the basin revealed by sentiment analysis of news articles. Hydrological variability such as droughts and human activities associated with reservoir operations affect dynamics of cooperation between the riparian countries, with importance attached to indirect political benefits of upstream playing an important role in the enhancement of cooperation. In this way, our study generated understanding of emergent cooperation dynamics in this transboundary river basin, and the socio-hydrological model used here provides a useful new framework to investigate and improve transboundary water management elsewhere.

During winter season, large amount of precipitation is received in the Northwestern part of India due to eastward moving low pressure synoptic weather systems called western disturbances (WDs). These WD's disturbs the life in Northern India with heavy precipitation, cold wave and fog. The objective of the present study is to examine model sensitivity of different physical parameterization schemes incorporated in the weather research and forecasting model and to identify a combination of the best physics options suited for this region during the passage of a western disturbance. Four cases of intense western disturbances 13-17 January 2002 (case-1), 5-8 February 2002 (case-2), 16-19 January 2013 (case-3) and 4-7 February 2013 (case-4) which affected the northwest India has been simulated with different physics configurations in the model. The model simulation from different physics configurations are validated with the observational datasets and error statistics are presented. It is found that, the performance of the combination of National Severe Storms Laboratory one moment, Kain-Fritsch, Yonsei University, rapid radiative transfer model and Dudhia schemes as a microphysics, cumulus, planetary boundary layer, longwave radiation and shortwave radiation parameterization schemes respectively gives a better simulation of the weather during WD's over this region. It is found that, in all WD cases intensity and movement of the precipitation, circulation and low pressure area (geopotential height) over the region is well predicted by the model.

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Abstract. The transboundary Lancang-Mekong River Basin has experienced dynamics of cooperation over the past several decades, which is a common emergent response in transboundary human-water systems. Downstream countries rely on Mekong River for fisheries, agriculture, etc., while upstream countries have been constructing dams to generate hydropower. The dam construction and operation in upstream countries have changed the seasonality of streamflow in downstream countries, affecting their economic benefits. More recently, cooperation between upstream and downstream countries has been enhanced throughout the river basin. In this study, we introduce a quantitative socio-hydrological model to simulate hydrological processes, reservoir operations, economic benefits, policy feedbacks and therefore dynamics of cooperation within the Lancang-Mekong River basin. The model reproduces the observed dynamics of cooperation in the basin revealed by sentiment analysis of news articles. Hydrological variability such as droughts and human activities associated with reservoir operations affect dynamics of cooperation between the riparian countries, with importance attached to indirect political benefits of upstream playing an important role in the enhancement of cooperation. In this way, our study generated understanding of emergent cooperation dynamics in this transboundary river basin, and the socio-hydrological model used here provides a useful new framework to investigate and improve transboundary water management elsewhere.

SpringerBriefs in GIS present compact, concise summaries of cutting-edge research, practical applications and visualizations in the use of geographical information systems. At 50 to 125 pages (approx. 20,000-50,000) words, SpringerBriefs in GIS provides researchers and practitioners with an innovative venue to present work that might be longer and more complex in scope than a journal article.This series aims to cover a wide range of topics related to geographical information science and geographical information systems. Potential topics could include: an in-depth case study on the use of GIS to accomplish a specific goal; a guide to an emerging GIS tool, technique or map; a "hot-take" on or snapshot of a current issue that needs to be published as quickly as possible (just 8-12 weeks after a manuscript's delivery and acceptance). Multidisciplinary studies are particularly welcome.SpringerBriefs are distributed through the same channels as Springer's book content, and are available as physical books and full and chapter-wise eBooks. Both solicited and unsolicited manuscripts are considered for publication in this series.

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