This study is presents the preparation and characterization on natural dyes based on neem, henna and turmeric for dyeing on cotton with superhydrophobic coating. Natural dyes were used to reduce the usage of the synthetic dyes in dyeing process and superhydrophobic coating to maintain the colour of the dyes on the fabric from faded and acts as a self-cleaning. The methodology involved for this study was the extraction process of natural dyes from the neem, henna and turmeric. There are eight different concentrations consists of 0.25g/ml, 0.5g/ml, 0.75g/ml, 1.0g/ml, 1.25g/ml, 1.50g/ml, 1.75g/ml and 2.0g/ml. The mechanical test involved is abrasion test for evaluation the resists wear caused by flat rubbing contact with another materials. Henna coated co tton fabrics have lower percentage weight loss compared to neem and turmeric coated cotton fabrics and uncoated cotton fabrics. The weight percentage loss for henna coated cotton fabrics at 2.0g/ml was 3.32%, for neem coated cotton fabrics at 2.0g/ml was 3.33% and turmeric at 2.0g/ml concentration was 3.34%. On the other hand, the value for the henna uncoated cotton fabric at 2.0g/ml was at 3.41%, neem at 2.0g/ml concentration was 3.42% and the value for uncoated turmeric at 2.0g/ml was 3.43% respectively. The porosity decreases when the concentration of dyes and superhydrophobic coating applied on the cotton fabrics.
This research will be focused on the utilization of henna leaves for the dyeing in cotton fabrics. The formulation of henna dye is capable for the dyeing on the cotton replace the chemical dye. Moreover this research was conducted to reduce the usage of chemical dyes that contact the human body with the natural pigment using extraction method. However the usage of the synthetic dyes can reduce the harmful effect to the human health and environment. The henna leaves have various advantages because it is non carcinorgenic and environment friendly. The composition of natural dyes for the dyeing process on the cotton fabrics are 10g, 20g, 30g, 40g, 50g, 60g, 70g and 80g with 40ml of distilled water. The physical test involved was viscosity (ASTM D445-18). Furthemore, the 80g of henna leaves with 40ml of distilled water have higher viscosity compared to the other concentrations.
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