An experiment was conducted at the research farm of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam during 2020–22 to assess the genetic variability among 50 rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes with respect to ratooning ability and perennation. Out of 50 genotypes, only 30 genotypes showed different degree of ratoon production and ratoon yield. All the genotypes showing better ratooning ability mainly belonged to photo-insensitive group and only few were slightly photosensitive. True perenniation as expressed by formation of rhizome (O. longistaminata) was not observed in any of the genotypes. However, stolen formation as in O. rufipogon was observed only in 1 genotype Terabali. ANOVA result suggested the presence of statistically significant variability among all the genotypes in both main and ratoon crop. Genotypes, viz. Binadhan-11, Sayjihari and IR-64 were found to be best performing for all the desirable ratoon crop traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was estimated for all the ratoon crop traits except for days to ratoon maturity indicating the involvement of additive gene action in the expression of the traits.
The research was conducted at Instructional cum Research (ICR) farm in Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam for the year 2019–21 with the objective to determine the crossability of wild rice species O. longistaminata and O. rufipogon with O. sativa and observe the inheritance of rhizome. In first year of experiment, varieties having good ratooning ability were identified. Out of them, five varieties namely Ranjit, Ranjit sub-1, IR-64, Binadhan-11 and Bahadur were crossed with both of the wild species. Crossablity of O. longistaminata with O. sativa ranged from 11.1% (Ranjit sub-1 × O. longistaminata) to 22.2% (Binadhan11 × O. longistaminata) while O. rufipogon with O. sativa ranged from 13.3% (Ranjit sub-1 × O. rufipogon) to 30% (Ranjit × O. rufipogon). All the hybrids except for IR64 × O. longistaminata were photoinsensitive as that of their female parent. Hybrids from O. sativa/O. longistaminata exhibited various distinguishing characters which can be used as morphological marker in order to identify true interspecific hybrids in further breeding programme. The pollen viability of these interspecific hybrids were found lower than both the parents. However, rhizome formation could not be observed in any hybrid.
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