The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of Indian improved six major cereal crops like rice, wheat, maize, barley, pearl millet and sorghum varieties. The diversity of thirty-six varieties of six major cereal crops (rice, wheat, maize, barley, pearl millet and sorghum) was estimated by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique using 20 primers. RAPD analysis detected a total of 168 DNA fragments of which 107 (63.69%) were polymorphic. The genetic similarity matrix (based on Dice index) ranged from 0.435 to 0.81. These indices were used to construct a dendrogram using average linkage between groups. Results illustrate the potential of RAPD markers showed considerable potential for estimating genetic diversity among our six major cereal crops cultivars. The study provides valuable information for cultivars fingerprinting at a molecular level and can be used to assist efficient selection in six major cereal crops breeding strategies aiming at achieving sustainability in six major cereal crops production in India.
Fruit Crops Diseases Database (FCDD) requires a number of biotechnology and bioinformatics tools. The FCDD is a unique bioinformatics resource that compiles information about 162 details on fruit crops diseases, diseases type, its causal organism, images, symptoms and their control. The FCDD contains 171 phytochemicals from 25 fruits, their 2D images and their 20 possible sequences. This information has been manually extracted and manually verified from numerous sources, including other electronic databases, textbooks and scientific journals. FCDD is fully searchable and supports extensive text search. The main focus of the FCDD is on providing possible information of fruit crops diseases, which will help in discovery of potential drugs from one of the common bioresource-fruits. The database was developed using MySQL. The database interface is developed in PHP, HTML and JAVA. FCDD is freely available.Availabilityhttp://www.fruitcropsdd.com/
Five major cereal crops such as rice, wheat, maize, barley and sorghum are continuously threatened by a multitude of pathogens and other disorders. Cystatins offers a pivotal role in deciding the promising plant response. The use of bioinformatics tools for phylogenetic relationships of five major cereal crop (rice, wheat, maize, barley and sorghum) phytocystatins based on amino acid sequence information was elucidated, and their secondary and tertiary structures were investigated for structural comparisons. Twenty-eight distinct phytocystatins from 28 plant species were investigated. Phytocystatins could be divided into five distinct phylogenetic groups. Five major cereal crops their structural features were highly conserved, and their amino acid sequence similarities ranged from 48 to 86 %. A new highly conserved amino acid sequence motif, YEAKxWxKxF, in the C-terminal end being unique to phytocystatins was identified. The predicted 3D homology models showed a high conservation of the general central structure of the phytocystatins, i.e., the 4-5 anti-parallel [Formula: see text]-sheets, wrapping halfway round a single central [Formula: see text]-helix and particularly the three active site regions, the N-terminal, the first and second hairpin loops. Any structural differences seem to be mainly in the length of the N- and C-terminal, the length of the second hairpin loop and the fifth [Formula: see text]-sheet. Via docking experiments, small heterogeneities were observed in the vicinity of the OC-I active sites that seemed to be influential in the binding process and stability of the resultant inhibitor-protease complex.
Five major cereal crops like rice, wheat, maize, barley and sorghum are continuously threatened by a multitude of pathogens and other disorders. Cystatins offers a pivotal role in deciding the promising plant response. The use of bioinformatics tools for phylogenetic relationships of five major cereal crops (rice, wheat, maize, barley and sorghum) phytocystatins based on amino acid sequence information was elucidated and their secondary and tertiary structures were investigated for structural comparisons. Twenty eight distinct phytocystatins from 28 plant species were investigated. Phytocystatins could be divided into five distinct phylogenetic groups. Five major cereal crops their structural features were highly conserved their amino acid sequence similarities ranged from 48 to 86%. A new highly conserved amino acid sequence motif, YEAKxWxKxF, in the C-terminal end being unique to phytocystatins was identified. The predicted 3D homology models showed a high conservation of the general central structure of the phytocystatins i.e. the 4-5 anti-parallel β-sheets, wrapping halfway round a single central α-helix and particularly the three active site regions, the N-terminal, the 1 and 2 hairpin loops. Any structural differences seem to be mainly in the length of the N and C terminal, the length of the 2 hairpin loop and the 5 β-sheet. Via docking experiments, small heterogeneities were observed in the vicinity of the OC-I active sites that seemed to be influential in the binding process and stability of the resultant inhibitor-protease complex.
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