No abstract
This project proposes a new method for removing organic s u k r fiom Illinois coals using readily available farm products. It proposes to use air and vegetable oils to disrupt the coal matrix, oxidize sulfur forms, increase volatiles, and desulfurize coal. This will be accomplished by impregnating coals with polyunsaturated oils, converting the oils to their hydroperoxides, and heating. Since these oils are relatively inexpensive and easily applied, this project could lead to a cost effective method for removing organic sulfur from coals. Moreover, the oils are environmentally safe; they will produce no noxious products and will improve burning qualities of the solid products. Preliminary experiments showed that IBC 104 coal catalyzes the formation of hydroperoxides in saf!€lower oil and that more sulfbr is extracted from the treated than untreated coal. During this first quarter the requirement of an added photosensitizer has been eliminated, the catalytic effect of coal has been confirmed, and the existence of a complex set of reactions revealed. These reactions between the oxygen, oil, hydroperoxides, and coal are hydroperoxide formation, which is catalyzed by the coal surface and by heat, an unknown coal-hydroperoxide reaction, and oil polymerization. Additionally, diffusion phenomena must be playing a role because oil polymerization occurs, but the importance of difhsion is difficult to assess because less polymerization occurs when coal is present. The first task has been completed and we are now ready to determine the ability of linseed oil hydroperoxides to oxidize organic sufir in IBC 108 coal."U.S. Doe Patent Clearance is NOT required prior to the publication of this document." EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThis project proposes to remove organic sulfur from coal, increase its BTU, and increase its volatiles, by a new process of impregnating coal with polyunsaturated vegetable oils. powerful oxidizing agents. A S i a r agent, peroxyacetic acid, has been shown in a By reaction with air these oils will be converted into their hydroperoxides which are previously funded ICCI project to desulfurize coal. But polyunsaturated vegetable oils have advantages which make them attractive for treating coal. First, these compounds are inexpensive, renewable natural products available fiom Illinois farms; second, they possess chemical properties which can be directed toward enhancing organic sulfiir removal; third, they hrnish carbonaceous residues which will increase B W s and volatiles; fourth, they are environmentally safe and produce no noxious products, and fifth, these compounds contain hydrogen and oxygen, elements that aid coal desulfurization.Preliminq experimentsoat SIUC showed that IBC-104 coal impregnated with safflower oil and heated in air at 70 C loses s u b in chloroform extraction. The results show that coal catalyzes formation of hydroperoxides in the oil and these hydroperoxides oxidize sulhr making it more easily removable. This project proposed to build on this evidence to aim at a technically feasibl...
This project proposes a new method for removing organic sulfur from Illinois coals using readily available fann products. It proposes to use air and vegetable oils to disrupt the coal matrix, oxidize sulfur forms, increase volatiles, and desulkrize coal. This will be accomplished by impregnating coals with polyunsaturated oils, converting the oils to their hydroperoxides, and heating. Since these oils are relatively inexpensive and easily applied, this project could lead to a cost effective method for removing organic s u l k from coals. Moreover, the oils are environmentally safe; they will produce no noxious products and will improve burning qualities of the solid products. Preliminary experiments showed that IBC 104 coal catalyzes the formation of hydroperoxides in safflower oil and that more sulfur is extracted from the treated than untreated coal. During the first quarter the requirement of an added photosensitizer was eliminated, the catalytic effect of coal was confirmed, and the existence of a complex set of reactions was revealed. During the second quarter, working with IBC-108 coal (2.3% organic S, 0.4% pyrite S), the effects of different extraction solvents were examined. A new pretreatment which combines alkali with linseed oil was discovered. Best organic sulfur removal is approximately 26% using alkali pretreatment combined with linseed oil at 100" C. BTU loses can be kept to a minimum of 3% with proper use of solvents. During this third quarter the effects of different ratios of oil:coal, Herent temperatures, and different reaction times were completely examined. The effects of alkali on sulfur removal were fbrther investigated. Best organic sulfur removal reaches ! ! ! 4 z 22 3 8 34% using ammonia pretreatment, then oil, and finally aqNqC0, extraction. 0 DISCLAIMERThis report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recom- This project proposes to remove organic sulfur fkom coal, increax its BTU, and increase its volatiles, by a nav process of impregnating coal with polyunsaturated vegetable oils. By reaction with air these oils will be converted into their hydroperoxides which are pow& oxidizing agents. A similar agent, peroxyacetic acid, has been shown in a previously fhded ICCI project to desulfurize coal. But polyunsaturated vegetable oils have advantages which make them attractive for treating coal. First, these compounds are inexjmsive, renewable natural products available from Illinois f m ; second, the...
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