Endophytic
fungi possess favorable effects on their host plants, including disease-resistance
improvement, secondary metabolite induction, and growth promotion.
It is therefore a promising and sustainable strategy to utilize endophytic
fungi for the quality improvement of medicinal herbs or important
crops. In our study, a collection of 277 strains of endophytic fungi
were isolated from Anoectochilus and Ludisia orchids. Two strains J162 and J211 can be
symbiotically cocultured with the tissue culture seedlings of Anoectochilus roxburghii, a popular medicinal and
edible plant in southern China. Both strains can significantly enhance
the biomass of A. roxburghii and induce
the biosynthesis and accumulation of its active ingredients, including
flavonoids, kinsenoside, and polysaccharides. J162 and J211 were further
identified as Chaetomium globosum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides based on multilocus
phylogenetic analysis. Immunocytochemical staining indicated that
J162 and J211 mainly colonized the intercellular gap of xylem parenchyma
cells of A. roxburghii roots without
obvious harm. In addition, quantitative real-time polymerase chain
reaction showed that the expression of three growth-related genes,
namely, uracil phosphoribosyl transferase, amino acid transmembrane
transporter, and maturase K, were significantly altered in A. roxburghii plants when treated with J162 and J211.
In conclusion, the two strains are highly beneficial microbial resources
for the growth and accumulation of active ingredients of A. roxburghii in agricultural cultivation.
Herein, we rationally design and construct a novel type of sparsely studded noble-metal nanocrystals inside graphene hollow sphere network (abbreviated as noble-metal@G HSN) through an electrostatic-attraction-directed self-assembly approach. The formation of Pt@G and Pd@G hollow sphere networks have been illustrated as examples using SiO2 spheres as templates. Moreover, the electrocatalytic performance of the Pt@G HSN for methanol oxidation reaction has been examined as a proof-of-concept demonstration of the compositional and structural superiorities of noble-metal@G HSN toward electrocatalyst utilization. The as-prepared Pt@G HSN manifests higher catalytic activity and markedly enhanced long-term durability in comparison with commercial Pt/C catalyst.
The security of radio frequency identification (R-FID) has become an increasingly severe issue. We propose a mutual RFID authentication secure protocol, based on the QC-MDPC McEliece type public cryptography in order to protect the information interaction security in wireless channel of RFID system. It owns low storage of public key, perfect efficiency of encryption & decryption, and high security. The security proofed for this novel protocol was given by using the reduction method, and the hardness of attacking protocol was reduced to the decoding hard problem of the linear codes. The performance results also show that compared to other authentication protocols, this protocol is more feasible for RFID system which has low cost and high efficiency.
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