Objectives-To determine the age of significant divergence in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in adults with and without the metabolic syndrome, and to provide age-and sexspecific childhood values that predict adult metabolic syndrome.Study design-Part 1 of this study is a retrospective cohort study of 92 men and 59 women (mean age, 51 years) who had metabolic syndrome and 154 randomly selected adults matched for age and sex who did not have the syndrome. Part 2 is a study of predictive accuracy in a validation sample of 743 participants.Results-The first appearance of differences between adults with and without metabolic syndrome occurred at ages 8 and 13 for BMI and 6 and 13 for waist circumference in boys and girls, respectively. Odds ratios (ORs) for the metabolic syndrome at 30 years and older ranged from 1.4 to 1.9 across age groups in boys and from 0.8 to 2.8 across age groups in girls if BMI exceeded criterion values in childhood. The corresponding ORs for waist circumference ranged from 2.5 to 31.4 in boys and 1.7 to 2.5 in girls. These ORs increased with the number of examinations.Conclusions-Children with BMI and waist circumference values exceeding the established criterion values are at increased risk for the adult metabolic syndrome.The availability of long-term serial data from the Fels Longitudinal Study presents opportunities to directly link obesity, centralized fat pattern, and the metabolic syndrome in adulthood to body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference measured decades earlier in the same individuals as children and to establish criterion values for BMI and waist Copyright © 2008 NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript circumference that predict obesity, centralized fat patterns, and the metabolic syndrome later in life. Recently, we derived age-and sex-specific childhood blood pressures that predict hypertension and the metabolic syndrome in adulthood using a random-effects model in a discovery sample and validated these criterion values in a larger sample using logistic regression. 1 In the present study, we apply a similar approach to ascertaining age-and sexspecific values in childhood for BMI and waist circumference that predict the metabolic syndrome later in life. Currently, there is no agreement on the definition of the metabolic syndrome in children or adolescents. In recent reports, investigators have used arbitrary thresholds for levels of fasting plasma triglycerides, fasting plasma HDL cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose, coupled with age-and sex-specific ≥90th percentiles for waist circumference and blood pressure from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III to assess the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. [4][5][6] In this study, we take a different approach to ascertaining the onset of the metabolic syndrome in children by linking the adult metabolic syndrome directly to childhood risk factors measured in the same individuals decades earlier. This dire...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.