Background: Most severe and frequent complication of pregnancy is Oligohydramnios and the incidence of this is observed to be about 1-5 % of total pregnancies. Objective of present study was to find the maternal and perinatal outcome, etiology associated with oligohydramnios at tertiary care hospital.Methods: This prospective study was done among 55 patients with gestational age from 30-40wks with Oligohydramnios AFI<5cms with intact membranes were analysed for perinatal outcomes admitted at department of obstetrics and Gynecology in B.J. Medical college, Ahmedabad during July 2008 to July 2010.Results: 65.5% participants were belonged to 20 to 25 age group and 35.5% participants were Primigravida. Mean age was 23.9±3.3 years and mean gestation age was 36.9 week. Almost 72.2% were in 34 to 37 weeks of gestational age. Study found FMC <10 in 56.4% of participants. Forty percent participants have AFI 4 and 27.3% have AFI 5.  47.3% delivery was done by vaginal route. 5.5% baby was still birth and prematurity were the most common cause of still birth. Around 71% babies were low birth weight and congenital anomalies were present in 7.3% babies. APGAR score measured <7 at 1 minute was in 65.4% and <7 at 5 minutes was in 43.6% babies.Conclusions: Oligohydramnios in obstetrics is a frequent occurrence and it points towards intensive surveillance and proper ante-natal and post-natal care. Due to high perinatal morbidity and mortality, the incidence of LSCS increases. However, vaginal delivery has similar outcome, but strict vigilance in labor is mandatory.

Background: Lack of awareness, knowledge and education, religious beliefs and fear of side effects are the main causes why women do not use family planning methods. To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of contraception among clients undergoing to Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) and sterilization.Methods: This prospective study was done among 400 indoor cases at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in B.J. Medical college, Ahmedabad during July 2002 to October 2003. All the clients undergoing MTP and sterilization were explained and counseled about contraception with GATHER approach of family planning. After taking detail history, a thorough clinical examination of the clients was carried out with preliminary investigations.Results: Almost 58% clients were willing to accept TL method as contraceptive option, 39.5% IUCD, 1.75% OC pill method of contraception. Regarding history of side effect of contraceptive use, 17.3% condom users, 68.5% OC pill users, 63% CuT users have felt side effect. Almost 42.5% clients were operated by MTP + Lap TL, 39.5% by MTP + CuT and 14.5% by plain Lap TL.Conclusions: Efforts should be made to promote information, education and communication regarding emergency contraception targeted to all women of reproductive age group. It is important that unwanted pregnancy be prevented through effective contraceptive practice rather than abortion.

Background: Doppler ultrasound has emerged as beneficial tool in the assessment of the fetal and placental circulation and in the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcome. Umbilical artery Doppler has proved helpful to supervise the growth restricted fetuses and compromised vasculature as in hypertensive disorders high risk pregnancies. Objective of present study was to investigate the association between third-trimester uterine artery Doppler assessment and adverse obstetric outcome.Methods: This prospective study was done among 110 high risk pregnancies. Vessel like uterine artery, umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery and ductus venosus were studied in present study. Indices calculated: Peak systolic velocity, End diastolic velocity, Mean velocity, Systolic/diastolic ratio, Pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of middle cerebral artery (MCA), Ductus venosus S/A ratio.Results: bilateral notch was present statistically significant (p<0.05) in 18.1% and absent in 28.2% among cases of adverse perinatal outcome. UA S/D ratio was >3 in 22.7% and <3 in 11.8% among cases of adverse perinatal outcome and findings were statistically significant (p<0.05). End diastolic velocity was reduced in statistically significant (p<0.05) in 9.1% and normal in 20.1% among cases of adverse perinatal outcome. MCA PI was <lower limit statistically significant (p<0.05) in 24.5% and >lower limit in 18.2% among cases of adverse perinatal outcome. MCA PI/UA PI ratio was <1 statistically significant (p<0.05) in 25.5% and absent in 17.3% among cases of adverse perinatal outcome.Conclusions: Increase in UA PI and decrease in MCA PI are early marker for detection of fetal compromise. Ratio of indices between MCA PI and UA PI reflects brain sparing effect as well as placental insufficiency and these are more specific in detection of IUGR than individual artery indices.

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding from the vagina that is usually occurred when ovary do not release egg and if it occurred during fertile period leads to various complication like anemia, Infertility etc. and among all causes one of the most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding is disturbance in level of Thyroid hormones.Methods: 100 female Patients of age group between 20-45 having complain of Abnormal uterine bleeding visited at Gynec OPD of our institute were included in this study. fasting blood samples was taken from all participants and samples were analyzed for Thyroid function test (TSH, T3, T4) at central laboratory of our hospital. Obtained data was analyzed statistically by using prizam software.Results: The bleeding abnormality that is found most of the women is polymenorrhaggia and menorrhaggia. 32% of patients who were studied had thyroid dysfunction, of which 18% of patients had subclinical hypothyroidism, 11% of patients had hypothyroidism and only 3% of patients had hyperthyroidism.Conclusions: Present study concludes that thyroid dysfunction should be considered as an important etiological factor for menstrual abnormality especially during fertile period.

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