MXenes are a two-dimensional nanomaterial which can constructed from various different elements. The rich interlayer groups, surface groups and flexible, adjustable layer spacing of MXenes make it an ideal catalyst....

The application of photocatalytic sterilization technology for the sterilization of water has been broadly studied in recent years. However, developing photocatalysts with high disinfection efficiency remains an urgent challenge. Tungsten trioxide with coexisting oxygen vacancies and carbon coating (WO 3−x /C) has been successfully synthesized toward the photothermal inactivation of Escherichia coli. Oxygen vacancies and carbon coating bring WO 3−x /C strong absorption in the infrared region and enhance the carrier separation efficiency. As a result, a higher sterilization rate is obtained compared to WO 3 . WO 3−x /C can completely inactivate E. coli under infrared light within 40 min through photothermal synergy process. During the process of inactivating bacteria over WO 3−x /C, E. coli is killed by the destruction of their cell membrane to decrease the activity of enzymes and release the cell contents, which can be ascribed to the efficient generation of reactive oxygen species (O 2•− and • OH) and thermal effect. This work demonstrates a novel approach for engineering efficient and energy-saving catalysts for water sterilization.

The chainmail co-catalyst NiO shell-encapsulated Ni increased the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers in g-C3N4. Therefore, Ni/NiO/g-C3N4 showed improved photocatalytic activity in CO2 reduction.

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A Sc(OTf)3-catalyzed cyclization of α-allylated 1,3-dicarbonyls is reported. By the reaction, a variety of 2,2-disubstituted 2,3-dihydrofurans were obtained in good yields.

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Background and Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a complex metabolic syndrome, has limited therapeutic options. Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2 (mPGES-2) was originally discovered as a prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) synthase; however, it does not produce PGE 2 in the liver. Moreover, the role of mPGES-2 in NAFLD remains undefined. Herein, we aimed to determine the function and mechanism of mPGES-2 in liver steatosis and steatohepatitis. Approach and Results: To evaluate the role of mPGES-2 in NAFLD, wholebody or hepatocyte-specific mPGES-2-deficient mice fed a high-fat or methionine-choline-deficient diet were used. Compared with control mice, mPGES-2-deficient mice showed reduced hepatic lipid accumulation, along with ameliorated liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. Furthermore, the protective effect of mPGES-2 deficiency against NAFLD was dependent on decreased cytochrome P450 4A14 and increased acyl-CoA thioesterase 4 levels regulated by the heme receptor nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1), but not PGE 2 . Heme regulated the increased NR1D1 activity mediated by mPGES-2 deficiency. Further, we confirmed the protective role of the mPGES-2 inhibitor SZ0232 in NAFLD therapy.

A Cp*Co-catalyzed C2-selective C-H alkenylation/annulation cascade transformation of 1-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-indoles with internal alkynes to afford pyrido[2',1':2,3]pyrimido[1,6-a]indol-5-iums is presented. Moreover, 6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[2',1':2,3]pyrimido[1,6-a]indole, a new functionalized N-fused indole core heterocycle, could be constructed effectively via reduction of pyrido[2',1':2,3]pyrimido[1,6-a]indol-5-ium by NaBH.