Intracellular delivery of proteins is potentially a game-changing approach for therapeutics. However, for most applications, the protein needs to access the cytosol to be effective. A wide variety of strategies have been developed for protein delivery, however access of delivered protein to the cytosol without acute cytotoxicity remains a critical issue. In this review we discuss recent trends in protein delivery using nanocarriers, focusing on the ability of these strategies to deliver protein into the cytosol.

A novel Cobalt Nickle Iron-layered double hydroxide/carbon nanofibres (CoNiFe-LDH/CNFs-0.5) composite was successfully fabricated through an easy in situ growth approach. The morphology and composition of the obtained materials were systematically investigated. When the two derived materials were used for supercapacitor electrodes, the CoNiFe-LDH/CNFs-0.5 composite displayed high specific surface area (114.2 m2 g−1), specific capacitance (1203 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and rate capability (77.1% from 1 A g−1 to 10 A g−1), which were considerably higher than those of pure CoNiFe-LDH. Moreover, the specific capacitance of CoNiFe-LDH/CNFs-0.5 composite remained at 94.4% after 1000 cycles at 20 A g−1, suggesting excellent long-time cycle life. The asymmetric supercapacitor based on CoNiFe-LDH/CNFs-0.5 as a positive electrode and activated carbon as a negative electrode was manufactured and it exhibited a specific capacitance of 84.9 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and a high energy density of 30.2 W h kg−1. More importantly, this device showed long-term cycling stability, with 82.7% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 10 A g−1. Thus, this composite with outstanding electrochemical performance could be a promising electrode material for supercapacitors.

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P doped MoO2 nanoparticle films on Mo foil used as electrodes for an efficient and stable electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

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A simple hydrothermal method has been designed for the selective synthesis of hexagonal DyPO 4 ‚ 1.5H 2 O and tetragonal DyPO 4 nanorods in solution. This study added a new example for selectively controlling different crystal polymorphs of dysprosium orthophosphate nanocrystals through adjusting the temperature and the pH value of the solution. The phase transition and shape evolution were fully investigated and were found to be strongly dependent on the temperature and pH value of the reaction system. The nanostructure and shape of hexagonal DyPO 4 ‚1.5H 2 O and tetragonal DyPO 4 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution TEM. The metastable hexagonal DyPO 4 ‚1.5H 2 O can be trapped even at 120 °C and pH 1-2 by the hydrothermal method. And the stable tetragonal DyPO 4 nanorods can be obtained at 200 °C and pH 6-7 by the same method. The evolution process of stable tetragonal and metastable hexagonal phases under different temperatures and pH values via the hydrothermal process was investigated for the first time.

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