The design and testing of a "dry" active electrode for electroencephalographic recording is described. A comparative study between the EEG signals recorded in human volunteers simultaneously with the classical Ag-AgCl and "dry" active electrodes was carried out and the reported preliminary results are consistent with a better performance of these devices over the conventional Ag-AgCl electrodes.

The present study reports four new species of the Family Lumbrineridae Schmarda, 1861, three in the genus Lumbrineris de Blainville, 1828 and one in the genus Gallardoneris Carrera-Parra, 2006. The new species were found on the Portuguese continental shelf at water depths ranging from 11 to 190 m. Gallardoneris iberica sp. nov. is the first record of this genus in the Atlantic Ocean and can be distinguished from the other two known Gallardoneris species by the distribution of the composite and the simple multidentate hooded hooks and the shape of the parapodial lobes. Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov. has an arcuate, unidentate MIII and MIV unidentate with well-developed plate, digitiform wide basally postchaetal lobes in anterior parapodia, composite multidentate hooded hooks with short blade. Furthermore, L. luciliae sp. nov. has simple multidentate hooded hooks of two sizes, preacicular hook twice as big as postacicular hook, and distally curved aciculae in median and posterior parapodia. Both Lumbrineris lusitanica sp. nov. and Lumbrineris pinaster sp. nov. are characterized by having MIII unidentate followed by a knob. However, L. lusitanica sp. nov. has digitiform wide basally postchaetal lobes in the anterior parapodia, composite multidentate hooded hooks with short blade and simple multidentate hooded hooks with short hood; while L. pinaster sp. nov. has auricular postchaetal lobes in the anterior parapodia, composite multidentate hooded hooks with long blade, and simple multidentate hooded hooks with short and long hood. A multivariate analysis was performed upon morphological characteristics and validates the separation of the four new species. A taxonomic key to lumbrinerid species from Iberian waters is included.

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If marine management policies and actions are to achieve long-term sustainable use and management of the marine environment and its resources, they need to be informed by data giving the spatial distribution of seafloor habitats over large areas. Broad-scale seafloor habitat mapping is an approach which has the benefit of producing maps covering large extents at a reasonable cost. This approach was first investigated by Roff et al. (2003), who, acknowledging that benthic communities are strongly influenced by the physical characteristics of the seafloor, proposed overlaying mapped physical variables using a Geographic Information System (GIS) to produce an integrated map of the physical characteristics of the seafloor. In Europe the method was adapted to the marine section of EUNIS (European Nature Information System) classification of habitat types under the MESH project, and was applied at an operational level in 2011 under the EUSeaMap project. The present study compiled GIS layers for fundamental physical parameters in the northeast Atlantic, including (i) bathymetry, (ii) substrate type, (iii) light penetration depth and (iv) exposure to near-seafloor currents and wave action. Based on analyses of biological occurrences, significant thresholds were fine-tuned for each of the abiotic layers and later used in multi-criteria raster algebra for the integration of the layers into a seafloor Please note that this is an author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version is available on the publisher Web site. habitat map. The final result was a harmonised broad-scale seafloor habitat map with a 250 m pixel size covering four extensive areas, i.e. Ireland, the Bay of Biscay, the Iberian Peninsula and the Azores. The map provided the first comprehensive perception of habitat spatial distribution for the Iberian Peninsula and the Azores, and fed into the initiative for a pan-European map initiated by the EUSeaMap project for Baltic, North, Celtic and Mediterranean seas. Highlights ► Spatial seafloor physical characteristics data for the NE Atlantic was compiled. ► Datasets were harmonised to common standards prior to input into a GIS environment. ► The inputs were overlaid via spatial analyses to derive a broad-scale habitat map. ► Habitats were described following the marine section of EUNIS habitat classification. ► Biologically-relevant thresholds were established for delineation of EUNIS categories.