Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of porous crystalline materials consisting of organic units connected through covalent bonds. Due to their low density, high surface area and high thermal stability, COFs have found interesting applications in many fields, including molecular adsorption and separation, sensing, catalysis and optoelectronics devices. In particular, two-dimensional (2D) COFs have attracted increasing attention in energy fields. In this perspective, the applications of 2D COFs in energy storage (lithium ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, supercapacitor and fuel cells) and energy conversion (water splitting and reduction of carbon dioxide) are reviewed. In addition, we will also discuss the remaining challenging issues. Keywords covalent organic frameworks; rechargeable batteries; supercapacitor; fuel cells; water splitting; CO 2 reduction 1 引言 共 价 有 机 框 架 (Covalent Organic Frameworks, COFs)是一类由有机结构单元通过共价键连接形成的晶 态有机多孔材料 [1] , 具有比表面积大、结晶性好、孔隙 率高等特点, 受到科研人员的广泛关注. 与其它有机多 孔材料如共轭微孔聚合物 [2] (CMP)、多孔芳香骨架 [3] (PAF)、超交联聚合物 [4] (HCP)等相比, COFs 具有有序的 堆积结构和良好的结晶性 [1c] . 依据 "框架化学" (Reticular Chemistry), 研究人员可对 COFs 材料的骨架和孔道进 行设计, 并对其结构与功能进行更加精确的调控 [1a,1d] . 自 2005 年 Yaghi 等 [5] 报道首例 COF 以来, COFs 受到研 究人员的广泛关注. 目前 COFs 已被应用于气体存储与 分离 [6] 、传感 [7] 、催化 [8] 、光电器件 [9] 等诸多领域, 并取 得了一系列重要进展.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.