Penyebaran informasi berupa berita bohong (hoax) pada pemilihan presiden (pilpres) 2019 meningkat ekskalasinya dibandingkan pilpres 2014. Fenomena berita politik hoax tersebut banyak menyesatkan masyarakat dan digunakan untuk menyerang lawan politik, sehingga selama pilpres 2019 menjadi arena kontestasi antara pasangan calon presiden (capres). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap isi kontestasi berita hoax politik selama pilpres 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif menggunakan metode analisis isi untuk memberikan gambaran tentang derasnya berita hoax politik yang membahayakan stabilitas politik negara serta memberikan literasi dan kesadaran tentang bahaya dan antisipasi berita hoax. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa lokus penyebaran berita hoax berada pada media sosial seperti Facebook dan WhatsApp. Berita hoax politik pilpres 2019 bersifat berantai dan memproduksi ulang berita hoax yang pernah ada sebelumnya pada pilpres 2014. Sasaran yang dituju oleh kontestasi berita hoax adalah capres 2019 serta pemerintah pusat. Penajaman berita hoax sangat ampuh dengan menggunakan media sosial dan mengarah pana kebencian antargolongan. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi kepada pemerintah agar aktif mengedukasi mengenai literasi media untuk semua golongan masyarakat agar selektif dalam menerima pesan.

The decline in national sugar cane production from 2015 amounted to 2.4 million tons and in 2016 amounted to 2.2 million tons. One of the reason for the decline in sugar cane production is the proportion of Ratoon Cane (RC) which is relatively high compared to Plant Cane (PC). The objective of the study is to analyze the technical efficiency of farming between plant cane (PC) and ratoon cane (RC). The method used in sampling farmer households is purposive by considering there is no sampling frame available in the study area. Data analysis method using the stochastic frontier production function model. The results showed that the plant cane farming (PC) was more technically efficient than ratoon cane (RC) with an average value of PC sugarcane technical efficiency of 93 percent and an average sugarcane technical efficiency of RS by 89 percent.

Mostly Red Onion farmers in Petak Village do the farming on off-season. Red Onion Farming on off season will not get the maximum production because of the weather and the climate doesn't support the growth of red onion, so it's possible for the amount of red onion's production are low. The low production of red union is due to the risk that faced by the farmer in Petak Village. The research aims to determine the source of production risk in Petak Village, the level of production risk on off season in Petak Village, and the factors which influences red onion production on off season. The determination of research area was conducted by using purposive methods. The Method of this research uses descriptive and analytic methods. The red onion farmer's population during off season is 52 farmers and the amount of the sample used in this research is 46 farmers. Sort of datas that used in this research were primary data and secondary data. The Analysis that used are risk analysisi descriptivel, variance analysis, coefficient variation, standard deviation, risk mapping, just and pope models also cobb-douglas regression models, source of the risks on red onion farming ini Petak Village, Bagor Sub district, Nganjuk regency are weather and climate, pest and disease, seed quality of red onion, the fertility of farming soil, and human sources or farmers of red onion farming. The level of risk red onion farming on off season in Petak Village according to variance value is amount 2,10. Standard deviation is 1,45 and coefficient variation is 1,01 So, risk production of red onion farming is high. Meanwhile, according to risk mapping production showed that the risk production of red onion is on orange area so, it included on high risk category. The factors which influences red onion production during off season in Petak Village are liquid pesticide, while seed, fertilizer, solid pesticide and labor factors have no significant effect on the risk of red onion production.

The objective of this research is to find out: (1) Keyword : Farm of Management, Organic Certification, Decision making, Organic Farming ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Manajemen usahatani padi organik kelompok tani "Tani Jayaa II" (2) Proses sertifikasi organik kelompok tani "Tani Jaya II", dan (3) Faktor-faktor pengambilan keputusan petani dalam menerapkan usahatani padi organik di kelompok tani "Tani Jaya II". Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode deskriptif analitik. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan disproportionate random sampling. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Manajemen usahatani yang dilakukan kelompok tani "Tani Jaya II" sudah menerapkan 5 fungsi manajemen yaitu perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengarahan, pengkoordinasian, dan pengawasan, namun, masih terdapat beberapa hal yang tidak sesuai dengan perencanaan kelompok tani; (2) Proses sertifikasi organik kelompok tani "Tani

Organic rice in Bondowoso is produced by organic rice farmer in Lombok Kulon Village, Wonosari Sub-district, Bondowoso Regency and is the only pilot area of organic rice farming in Bondowoso Regency that already has certification from Certified Organic Farming Institution Seloliman (LeSOS). Organic rice is marketed in Bondowoso District and outside Bondowoso District. The aims of this research are (1) the structure of the organic rice market in Bondowoso District; (2) organic rice market behavior in Bondowoso Regency. The research location was determined purposively (Purposive Method) in Lombok Kulon Village, Wonosari Sub-district, Bondowoso District. Sampling using snowball sampling technique. The data used are primary and secondary data analyzed by using descriptive and quantitative analysis (1) market share analysis, CR4 (Concentration Ratio for the Biggest Four) calculation, HHI analysis, Minimum Efficient Scale (MES) to know market structure of rice organic; (2) descriptive analysis of pricing system, collaboration and vertical integration analysis using Ravallion Model to know the behavior of organic rice market.

High sugar consumption cannot be fulfilled by domestic sugar production. The reason is that the performance and efficiency of the national sugar mills (PG) are still relatively low. Measurement of efficiency of sugar mills can be conducted by counting the sugar losses. This study aims to (1) to analyze the value of loss index and its implications on the efficiency of sugar mills;and (2) to assess the risk due to losses. Primary and Secondary data were used in this study containing annual data of sugar mills performance indicators in PTPN X such as Overall Recovery (OR), Boiling House Recovery (BHR), Mill Extraction (ME),the amount of bagasse, the amount of filter cake, and the amount if molasses at sugar cane factory (period of 2011-2015). The data were analyzed by evaluative descriptive analysis, index calculation, and risk assessment using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. The analysis shows that the losses produced by sugar mills in Indonesia are still quite high around 2.60-2.88%. This level of losses shows the performance of sugar mills is inefficient and causes financial losses in sugar mills. Production risk assessment due to losses shows a high level of risk. Therefore, sugar mills must have a program to reduce its level of losses to the minimum level (<2%). Meanwhile, sugar mills must have programs to utilize losses to be value-added co-products.Keywords: losses, FMEA, efficiency, performance, sugar industry (periode 2011-2015 Abstrak: Kebutuhan konsumsi gula yang tinggi tidak dapat dipenuhi oleh produksi gula nasional. Penyebabnya adalah kinerja dan efisiensi pabrik gula (PG) nasional yang masih relatif rendah. Pengukuran efisiensi pabrik gula dapat dilakukan dengan menghitung gula yang hilang (losses). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis nilai indeks losses dan implikasinya terhadap efisiensi pabrik gula; dan (2) menilai besaran risiko akibat adanya losses. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder berupa data tahunan indikator kinerja pabrik gula di PTPN X seperti data Overall Recovery (OR), Boiling House Recovery (BHR), Mill Extraction (ME), jumlah ampas, jumlah blotong dan jumlah molase pada PG

Penggunaan media sosial merupakan bagian pola computer mediated communication (CMC) yang dimediasi jaringan internet. Teknologi ini berkonvergensi dengan media mobile berupa smartphone. Remaja sebagai digital native dan variety seeker merupakan pengguna terbanyak instagram. Remaja bermigrasi dari media sosial yang sebelumnya tidak terfokus pada pesan visual ke dalam pesan visual ketika berhubungan dengan komunikan lain dalam jejaring sosial. Pola CMC remaja melalui Instagram mendekontruksi komunikasi verbal menjadi komunikasi visual. Penelitian melihat bagaimana remaja mendekontruksi pesan verbal ke dalam pesan visual yang membentuk budaya visual dalam ruang virtual. Metode yang digunakan naturalistik etnografi untuk mendapatkan informasi yang kaya. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh budaya visual remaja melalui instagram merupakan upaya remaja menvisualisasikan eksistensi identitas diri mereka dalam konteks moment dan kesenangan tertentu.

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