Abstract.The mifare Classic is a contactless smart card that is used extensively in access control for office buildings, payment systems for public transport, and other applications. We reverse engineered the security mechanisms of this chip: the authentication protocol, the symmetric cipher, and the initialization mechanism. We describe several security vulnerabilities in these mechanisms and exploit these vulnerabilities with two attacks; both are capable of retrieving the secret key from a genuine reader. The most serious one recovers the secret key from just one or two authentication attempts with a genuine reader in less than a second on ordinary hardware and without any pre-computation. Using the same methods, an attacker can also eavesdrop the communication between a tag and a reader, and decrypt the whole trace, even if it involves multiple authentications. This enables an attacker to clone a card or to restore a real card to a previous state.
Abstract. Several countermeasures against side-channel analysis result in misalignment of power traces, in order to make DPA more difficult. In this paper we propose a new algorithm to align the measurements after this desynchronizing through the variations of the internal clock, random delays, etc. The algorithm is based on the ideas of SIFT and U-SURF algorithm that were originally proposed for image recognition. The comparison with other known methods favors our solution in terms of efficiency and computational complexity.
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